:: Classical and Non--classical Pasch Configurations in Ordered Affine Planes :: by Henryk Oryszczyszyn, Krzysztof Pra\.zmowski and :: Ma{\l}gorzata Pra\.zmowska :: :: Received May 16, 1990 :: Copyright (c) 1990-2012 Association of Mizar Users :: (Stowarzyszenie Uzytkownikow Mizara, Bialystok, Poland). :: This code can be distributed under the GNU General Public Licence :: version 3.0 or later, or the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike :: License version 3.0 or later, subject to the binding interpretation :: detailed in file COPYING.interpretation. :: See COPYING.GPL and COPYING.CC-BY-SA for the full text of these :: licenses, or see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html and :: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. environ vocabularies ANALOAF, SUBSET_1, DIRAF, PARSP_1, VECTSP_1, PASCH; notations STRUCT_0, ANALOAF, DIRAF; constructors DIRAF; registrations STRUCT_0; theorems DIRAF, ANALOAF; begin reserve OAS for OAffinSpace; reserve a,a9,b,b9,c,c9,d,d1,d2,e1,e2,e3,e4,e5,e6,p,p9,q,r,x,y,z for Element of OAS; definition let OAS; attr OAS is satisfying_Int_Par_Pasch means for a,b,c,d,p st not LIN p,b,c & Mid b,p,a & LIN p,c,d & b,c '||' d,a holds Mid c,p,d; end; definition let OAS; attr OAS is satisfying_Ext_Par_Pasch means for a,b,c,d,p st Mid p,b,c & LIN p,a,d & a,b '||' c,d & not LIN p,a,b holds Mid p,a,d; end; definition let OAS; attr OAS is satisfying_Gen_Par_Pasch means for a,b,c,a9,b9,c9 st not LIN a,b ,a9 & a,a9 '||' b,b9 & a,a9 '||' c,c9 & Mid a,b,c & LIN a9,b9,c9 holds Mid a9, b9,c9; end; definition let OAS; attr OAS is satisfying_Ext_Bet_Pasch means for a,b,c,d,x,y st Mid a,b,d & Mid b,x,c & not LIN a,b,c holds ex y st Mid a,y,c & Mid y,x,d; end; definition let OAS; attr OAS is satisfying_Int_Bet_Pasch means for a,b,c,d,x,y st Mid a,b,d & Mid a,x,c & not LIN a,b,c holds ex y st Mid b,y,c & Mid x,y,d; end; definition let OAS; attr OAS is Fanoian means for a,b,c,d st a,b // c,d & a,c // b,d & not LIN a ,b,c ex x st Mid a,x,d & Mid b,x,c; end; theorem Th1: b,p // p,c & p<>c & b<>p implies ex d st a,p // p,d & a,b '||' c, d & c <>d & p<>d proof assume that A1: b,p // p,c and A2: p<>c and A3: b<>p; A4: now A5: now Mid b,p,c by A1,DIRAF:def 3; then LIN b,p,c by DIRAF:28; then A6: LIN p,c,b by DIRAF:30; assume p,a // p,b; then A7: a,p // b,p by DIRAF:2; then a,p // p,c by A1,A3,DIRAF:3; then Mid a,p,c by DIRAF:def 3; then LIN a,p,c by DIRAF:28; then LIN p,c,a by DIRAF:30; then A8: p,c '||' a,b by A6,DIRAF:34; A9: p,c // b,p by A1,DIRAF:2; A10: LIN p,c,c by DIRAF:31; consider d such that A11: Mid p,c,d and A12: c <>d by DIRAF:13; A13: p<>d by A11,A12,DIRAF:8; p,c // c,d by A11,DIRAF:def 3; then p,c // p,d by ANALOAF:def 5; then A14: b,p // p,d by A2,A9,ANALOAF:def 5; LIN p,c,d by A11,DIRAF:28; then p,c '||' c,d by A10,DIRAF:34; then a,b '||' c,d by A2,A8,DIRAF:23; hence thesis by A3,A7,A12,A13,A14,DIRAF:3; end; A15: now assume p,a // b,p; then A16: a,p // p,b by DIRAF:2; then Mid a,p,b by DIRAF:def 3; then LIN a,p,b by DIRAF:28; then A17: LIN p,b,a by DIRAF:30; Mid b,p,c by A1,DIRAF:def 3; then LIN b,p,c by DIRAF:28; then A18: LIN p,b,c by DIRAF:30; A19: LIN a,b,b by DIRAF:31; A20: b <> c by A1,A2,ANALOAF:def 5; LIN p,b,b by DIRAF:31; then LIN a,b,c by A3,A17,A18,DIRAF:32; hence thesis by A3,A16,A20,A19,DIRAF:34; end; assume LIN a,b,p; then LIN p,a,b by DIRAF:30; then p,a '||' p,b by DIRAF:def 5; hence thesis by A5,A15,DIRAF:def 4; end; now consider d such that A21: a,p // p,d and A22: a,b // c,d by A1,A3,ANALOAF:def 5; assume A23: not LIN a,b,p; A24: now assume d=p; then p,c // b,a by A22,DIRAF:2; then b,p // b,a by A1,A2,DIRAF:3; then b,p '||' b,a by DIRAF:def 4; then LIN b,p,a by DIRAF:def 5; hence contradiction by A23,DIRAF:30; end; A25: now assume d=c; then p,d // b,p by A1,DIRAF:2; then a,p // b,p by A21,A24,DIRAF:3; then p,a // p,b by DIRAF:2; then p,a '||' p,b by DIRAF:def 4; then LIN p,a,b by DIRAF:def 5; hence contradiction by A23,DIRAF:30; end; a,b '||' c,d by A22,DIRAF:def 4; hence thesis by A21,A24,A25; end; hence thesis by A4; end; theorem Th2: p,b // p,c & p<>c & b<>p implies ex d st p,a // p,d & a,b '||' c, d & c <>d proof assume that A1: p,b // p,c and A2: p<>c and A3: b<>p; consider q such that A4: Mid b,p,q and A5: p<>q by DIRAF:13; A6: b,p // p,q by A4,DIRAF:def 3; then consider r such that A7: a,p // p,r and A8: a,b '||' q,r and A9: q<>r and A10: r<>p by A3,A5,Th1; b,p // c,p by A1,DIRAF:2; then p,q // c,p by A3,A6,ANALOAF:def 5; then q,p // p,c by DIRAF:2; then consider d such that A11: r,p // p,d and A12: r,q '||' c,d and A13: c <>d and d<>p by A2,A5,Th1; p,r // d,p by A11,DIRAF:2; then a,p // d,p by A7,A10,DIRAF:3; then A14: p,a // p,d by DIRAF:2; q,r '||' c,d by A12,DIRAF:22; then a,b '||' c,d by A8,A9,DIRAF:23; hence thesis by A13,A14; end; theorem p,b '||' p,c & p<>b implies ex d st p,a '||' p,d & a,b '||' c,d proof assume that A1: p,b '||' p,c and A2: p<>b; A3: now assume A4: p<>c; A5: now assume p,b // c,p; then b,p // p,c by DIRAF:2; then consider d such that A6: a,p // p,d and A7: a,b '||' c,d and c <>d and d<>p by A2,A4,Th1; p,a // d,p by A6,DIRAF:2; then p,a '||' p,d by DIRAF:def 4; hence thesis by A7; end; now assume p,b // p,c; then consider d such that A8: p,a // p,d and A9: a,b '||' c,d and c <>d by A2,A4,Th2; p,a '||' p,d by A8,DIRAF:def 4; hence thesis by A9; end; hence thesis by A1,A5,DIRAF:def 4; end; now A10: a,b '||' p,p by DIRAF:20; A11: p,a '||' p,p by DIRAF:20; assume p=c; hence thesis by A11,A10; end; hence thesis by A3; end; theorem Th4: not LIN p,a,b & LIN p,b,c & LIN p,a,d1 & LIN p,a,d2 & a,b '||' c ,d1 & a,b '||' c,d2 implies d1=d2 proof assume that A1: not LIN p,a,b and A2: LIN p,b,c and A3: LIN p,a,d1 and A4: LIN p,a,d2 and A5: a,b '||' c,d1 and A6: a,b '||' c,d2; A7: p<>a by A1,DIRAF:31; A8: a<>b by A1,DIRAF:31; A9: now LIN p,a,a by DIRAF:31; then A10: LIN d1,d2,a by A3,A4,A7,DIRAF:32; A11: LIN d1,d2,d1 by DIRAF:31; A12: LIN p,c,b by A2,DIRAF:30; A13: LIN d1,d2,d2 by DIRAF:31; A14: LIN p,a,p by DIRAF:31; then A15: LIN d1,d2,p by A3,A4,A7,DIRAF:32; c,d1 '||' c,d2 by A5,A6,A8,DIRAF:23; then A16: LIN c,d1,d2 by DIRAF:def 5; then A17: LIN d1,d2,c by DIRAF:30; assume A18: p<>c; assume A19: d1<>d2; LIN d1,d2,p by A3,A4,A7,A14,DIRAF:32; then A20: LIN p,c,d1 by A19,A17,A11,DIRAF:32; LIN d1,d2,c by A16,DIRAF:30; then LIN p,c,d2 by A19,A15,A13,DIRAF:32; then LIN d1,d2,b by A18,A20,A12,DIRAF:32; hence contradiction by A1,A19,A15,A10,DIRAF:32; end; A21: LIN p,d2,a by A4,DIRAF:30; A22: LIN p,d1,a by A3,DIRAF:30; now A23: LIN p,d2,p by DIRAF:31; assume A24: c =p; then A25: p,d2 '||' a,b by A6,DIRAF:22; A26: now assume A27: p<>d2; then LIN p,d2,b by A21,A25,DIRAF:33; hence contradiction by A1,A21,A23,A27,DIRAF:32; end; A28: LIN p,d1,p by DIRAF:31; A29: p,d1 '||' a,b by A5,A24,DIRAF:22; now assume A30: p<>d1; then LIN p,d1,b by A22,A29,DIRAF:33; hence contradiction by A1,A22,A28,A30,DIRAF:32; end; hence thesis by A26; end; hence thesis by A9; end; theorem Th5: not LIN a,b,c & a,b '||' c,d1 & a,b '||' c,d2 & a,c '||' b,d1 & a,c '||' b,d2 implies d1=d2 proof assume that A1: not LIN a,b,c and A2: a,b '||' c,d1 and A3: a,b '||' c,d2 and A4: a,c '||' b,d1 and A5: a,c '||' b,d2; assume A6: d1<>d2; a<>c by A1,DIRAF:31; then b,d1 '||' b,d2 by A4,A5,DIRAF:23; then LIN b,d1,d2 by DIRAF:def 5; then A7: LIN d1,d2,b by DIRAF:30; A8: now assume c =d1; then c,a '||' c,b by A4,DIRAF:22; then LIN c,a,b by DIRAF:def 5; hence contradiction by A1,DIRAF:30; end; A9: LIN d1,d2,d1 by DIRAF:31; a<>b by A1,DIRAF:31; then c,d1 '||' c,d2 by A2,A3,DIRAF:23; then A10: LIN c,d1,d2 by DIRAF:def 5; then A11: LIN d1,d2,c by DIRAF:30; LIN d1,d2,c by A10,DIRAF:30; then d1,d2 '||' c,d1 by A9,DIRAF:34; then d1,d2 '||' a,b or c =d1 by A2,DIRAF:23; then d1,d2 '||' b,a by A8,DIRAF:22; then LIN d1,d2,a by A6,A7,DIRAF:33; hence contradiction by A1,A6,A11,A7,DIRAF:32; end; theorem Th6: not LIN p,b,c & Mid b,p,a & LIN p,c,d & b,c '||' d,a implies Mid c,p,d proof assume that A1: not LIN p,b,c and A2: Mid b,p,a and A3: LIN p,c,d and A4: b,c '||' d,a; A5: LIN p,d,c by A3,DIRAF:30; LIN b,p,a by A2,DIRAF:28; then A6: LIN p,b,a by DIRAF:30; p,c '||' p,d by A3,DIRAF:def 5; then A7: p,c // p,d or p,c // d,p by DIRAF:def 4; assume A8: not Mid c,p,d; then A9: d<>p by DIRAF:10; A10: now assume p,c // d,p; then c,p // p,d by DIRAF:2; hence contradiction by A8,DIRAF:def 3; end; p<>c by A8,DIRAF:10; then consider q such that A11: p,b // p,q and A12: b,c '||' d,q and d<>q by A9,A7,A10,Th2; A13: LIN p,d,p by DIRAF:31; p,b '||' p,q by A11,DIRAF:def 4; then LIN p,b,q by DIRAF:def 5; then a=q by A1,A3,A4,A12,A6,Th4; then b,p // p,q by A2,DIRAF:def 3; then p,q // b,p by DIRAF:2; then p,b // b,p or p=q by A11,DIRAF:3; then p=b or p=q by ANALOAF:def 5; then p,d '||' c,b by A1,A12,DIRAF:22,31; then LIN p,d,b by A9,A5,DIRAF:33; hence contradiction by A1,A9,A5,A13,DIRAF:32; end; theorem OAS is satisfying_Int_Par_Pasch proof let a,b,c,d,p; assume that A1: not LIN p,b,c and A2: Mid b,p,a and A3: LIN p,c,d and A4: b,c '||' d,a; thus thesis by A1,A2,A3,A4,Th6; end; theorem Th8: Mid p,b,c & LIN p,a,d & a,b '||' c,d & not LIN p,a,b implies Mid p,a,d proof assume that A1: Mid p,b,c and A2: LIN p,a,d and A3: a,b '||' c,d and A4: not LIN p,a,b; A5: now LIN d,a,p by A2,DIRAF:30; then d,a '||' d,p by DIRAF:def 5; then A6: a,d '||' d,p by DIRAF:22; assume A7: b<>c; A8: b<>a by A4,DIRAF:31; A9: not LIN d,b,a proof assume LIN d,b,a; then A10: LIN a,b,d by DIRAF:30; a,b '||' d,c by A3,DIRAF:22; then LIN a,b,c by A8,A10,DIRAF:33; then A11: LIN b,c,a by DIRAF:30; LIN p,b,c by A1,DIRAF:28; then A12: LIN b,c,p by DIRAF:30; LIN b,c,b by DIRAF:31; hence contradiction by A4,A7,A11,A12,DIRAF:32; end; then d<>a by DIRAF:31; then consider q such that A13: b,d '||' d,q and A14: b,a '||' p,q by A6,DIRAF:27; A15: LIN p,b,c by A1,DIRAF:28; A16: p<>c by A1,A7,DIRAF:8; A17: not LIN b,c,d proof A18: LIN p,c,c by DIRAF:31; LIN p,b,c by A1,DIRAF:28; then A19: LIN p,c,b by DIRAF:30; assume A20: LIN b,c,d; A21: LIN b,c,b by DIRAF:31; A22: now assume a,b '||' c,b; then b,c '||' b,a by DIRAF:22; then LIN b,c,a by DIRAF:def 5; hence contradiction by A7,A9,A20,A21,DIRAF:32; end; LIN c,d,b by A20,DIRAF:30; then c,d '||' c,b by DIRAF:def 5; then LIN p,a,c by A2,A3,A22,DIRAF:23; then LIN p,c,a by DIRAF:30; then LIN b,c,a by A16,A19,A18,DIRAF:32; hence contradiction by A7,A9,A20,A21,DIRAF:32; end; a,b '||' q,p by A14,DIRAF:22; then A23: c,d '||' q,p by A3,A8,DIRAF:23; d,b '||' d,q by A13,DIRAF:22; then LIN d,b,q by DIRAF:def 5; then A24: LIN b,d,q by DIRAF:30; A25: d<>p proof A26: LIN p,c,p by DIRAF:31; LIN p,b,c by A1,DIRAF:28; then A27: LIN p,c,b by DIRAF:30; assume d=p; then p,c '||' b,a by A3,DIRAF:22; then LIN p,c,a by A16,A27,DIRAF:33; hence contradiction by A4,A16,A27,A26,DIRAF:32; end; A28: not LIN d,p,q proof A29: now assume p=q; then d,b '||' d,p by A13,DIRAF:22; then LIN d,b,p by DIRAF:def 5; then A30: LIN d,p,b by DIRAF:30; A31: LIN d,p,d by DIRAF:31; LIN d,p,a by A2,DIRAF:30; hence contradiction by A9,A25,A31,A30,DIRAF:32; end; A32: LIN p,q,p by DIRAF:31; A33: LIN d,p,p by DIRAF:31; assume A34: LIN d,p,q; LIN d,p,a by A2,DIRAF:30; then A35: LIN p,q,a by A25,A34,A33,DIRAF:32; p,q '||' a,b by A14,DIRAF:22; then LIN p,q,b by A35,A29,DIRAF:33; hence contradiction by A4,A35,A29,A32,DIRAF:32; end; Mid c,b,p by A1,DIRAF:9; then A36: Mid d,b,q by A17,A24,A23,Th6; A37: now d,b '||' d,q by A13,DIRAF:22; then LIN d,b,q by DIRAF:def 5; then A38: LIN d,q,b by DIRAF:30; assume A39: Mid p,d,a; p,q '||' b,a by A14,DIRAF:22; then Mid q,d,b by A28,A39,A38,Th6; then Mid b,d,q by DIRAF:9; then b=d by A36,DIRAF:14; hence contradiction by A9,DIRAF:31; end; assume not Mid p,a,d; then Mid a,p,d by A2,A37,DIRAF:29; then Mid b,p,c by A3,A4,A15,Th6; then p=b by A1,DIRAF:14; hence contradiction by A4,DIRAF:31; end; now A40: a,b '||' b,a by DIRAF:19; A41: LIN p,a,a by DIRAF:31; A42: LIN p,b,b by DIRAF:31; assume b=c; then a=d by A2,A3,A4,A42,A41,A40,Th4; hence thesis by DIRAF:10; end; hence thesis by A5; end; theorem OAS is satisfying_Ext_Par_Pasch proof let a,b,c,d,p; assume that A1: Mid p,b,c and A2: LIN p,a,d and A3: a,b '||' c,d and A4: not LIN p,a,b; thus thesis by A1,A2,A3,A4,Th8; end; theorem Th10: not LIN a,b,a9 & a,a9 '||' b,b9 & a,a9 '||' c,c9 & Mid a,b,c & LIN a9,b9,c9 implies Mid a9,b9,c9 proof assume that A1: not LIN a,b,a9 and A2: a,a9 '||' b,b9 and A3: a,a9 '||' c,c9 and A4: Mid a,b,c and A5: LIN a9,b9,c9; A6: LIN a,b,c by A4,DIRAF:28; A7: LIN b9,c9,a9 by A5,DIRAF:30; A8: LIN c9,b9,a9 by A5,DIRAF:30; A9: a<>a9 by A1,DIRAF:31; then A10: b,b9 '||' c,c9 by A2,A3,DIRAF:23; A11: a<>b by A1,DIRAF:31; then A12: a<>c by A4,DIRAF:8; A13: now assume that A14: b9<>c9 and a9<>b9 and A15: b<>b9; A16: not LIN b,b9,a9 proof A17: LIN b,b9,b by DIRAF:31; assume A18: LIN b,b9,a9; b,b9 '||' a9,a by A2,DIRAF:22; then LIN b,b9,a by A15,A18,DIRAF:33; hence contradiction by A1,A15,A18,A17,DIRAF:32; end; A19: now a,b '||' a,c by A6,DIRAF:def 5; then c,a '||' a,b by DIRAF:22; then consider x such that A20: c9,a '||' a,x and A21: c9,c '||' b,x by A12,DIRAF:27; a,c9 '||' a,x by A20,DIRAF:22; then A22: LIN a,c9,x by DIRAF:def 5; assume A23: c <>c9; A24: x<>b proof assume x=b; then A25: LIN a,b,c9 by A22,DIRAF:30; LIN a,b,b by DIRAF:31; then A26: LIN c,c9,b by A11,A6,A25,DIRAF:32; LIN a,b,a by DIRAF:31; then LIN c,c9,a by A11,A6,A25,DIRAF:32; then c,c9 '||' a,b by A26,DIRAF:34; then b,b9 '||' a,b by A10,A23,DIRAF:23; then a,a9 '||' a,b by A2,A15,DIRAF:23; then LIN a,a9,b by DIRAF:def 5; hence contradiction by A1,DIRAF:30; end; c,c9 '||' b,x by A21,DIRAF:22; then b,b9 '||' b,x by A10,A23,DIRAF:23; then A27: LIN b,b9,x by DIRAF:def 5; then LIN b,x,b9 by DIRAF:30; then b,x '||' b,b9 by DIRAF:def 5; then b,x '||' c,c9 by A10,A15,DIRAF:23; then A28: x,b '||' c,c9 by DIRAF:22; A29: x<>b9 proof assume x=b9; then A30: LIN b9,c9,a by A22,DIRAF:30; A31: a,a9 '||' b9,b by A2,DIRAF:22; LIN b9,c9,b9 by DIRAF:31; then LIN a,a9,b9 by A7,A14,A30,DIRAF:32; then LIN a,a9,b by A9,A31,DIRAF:33; hence contradiction by A1,DIRAF:30; end; A32: not LIN c9,b9,x proof assume LIN c9,b9,x; then A33: LIN b9,x,c9 by DIRAF:30; A34: LIN b9,x,b9 by DIRAF:31; A35: LIN c9,b9,b9 by DIRAF:31; LIN b9,x,b by A27,DIRAF:30; then LIN c9,b9,b by A29,A33,A34,DIRAF:32; hence contradiction by A8,A14,A16,A35,DIRAF:32; end; A36: LIN x,b,b9 by A27,DIRAF:30; A37: not LIN a,x,b proof assume LIN a,x,b; then A38: LIN x,b,a by DIRAF:30; A39: b,b9 '||' a,a9 by A2,DIRAF:22; LIN x,b,b by DIRAF:31; then LIN b,b9,a by A36,A24,A38,DIRAF:32; hence contradiction by A15,A16,A39,DIRAF:33; end; LIN b9,b,x by A27,DIRAF:30; then b9,b '||' b9,x by DIRAF:def 5; then b,b9 '||' b9,x by DIRAF:22; then A40: b9,x '||' a,a9 by A2,A15,DIRAF:23; LIN a,x,c9 by A22,DIRAF:30; then Mid a,x,c9 by A4,A28,A37,Th8; then Mid c9,x,a by DIRAF:9; then Mid c9,b9,a9 by A8,A40,A32,Th8; hence thesis by DIRAF:9; end; c =c9 implies thesis proof A41: not LIN c9,b9,b proof A42: LIN c9,b9,b9 by DIRAF:31; assume LIN c9,b9,b; hence contradiction by A8,A14,A16,A42,DIRAF:32; end; assume c =c9; then A43: Mid c9,b,a by A4,DIRAF:9; b9,b '||' a,a9 by A2,DIRAF:22; then Mid c9,b9,a9 by A8,A43,A41,Th8; hence thesis by DIRAF:9; end; hence thesis by A19; end; b=b9 implies thesis proof A44: a,a9 '||' c9,c by A3,DIRAF:22; A45: LIN b9,a9,c9 by A5,DIRAF:30; assume A46: b=b9; then not LIN b9,a,a9 by A1,DIRAF:30; hence thesis by A4,A46,A45,A44,Th6; end; hence thesis by A13,DIRAF:10; end; theorem OAS is satisfying_Gen_Par_Pasch proof let a,b,c,a9,b9,c9; assume that A1: not LIN a,b,a9 and A2: a,a9 '||' b,b9 and A3: a,a9 '||' c,c9 and A4: Mid a,b,c and A5: LIN a9,b9,c9; thus thesis by A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,Th10; end; theorem not LIN p,a,b & a,p // p,a9 & b,p // p,b9 & a,b '||' a9,b9 implies a,b // b9,a9 proof assume that A1: not LIN p,a,b and A2: a,p // p,a9 and A3: b,p // p,b9 and A4: a,b '||' a9,b9; A5: not LIN p,b,a by A1,DIRAF:30; Mid b,p,b9 by A3,DIRAF:def 3; then LIN b,p,b9 by DIRAF:28; then A6: LIN p,b,b9 by DIRAF:30; Mid a,p,a9 by A2,DIRAF:def 3; then LIN a,p,a9 by DIRAF:28; then A7: LIN p,a,a9 by DIRAF:30; A8: b,a '||' a9,b9 by A4,DIRAF:22; a<>p by A1,DIRAF:31; then consider q such that A9: b,p // p,q and A10: b,a // a9,q by A2,ANALOAF:def 5; Mid b,p,q by A9,DIRAF:def 3; then LIN b,p,q by DIRAF:28; then A11: LIN p,b,q by DIRAF:30; b,a '||' a9,q by A10,DIRAF:def 4; then b,a // a9,b9 by A10,A5,A7,A6,A11,A8,Th4; hence thesis by DIRAF:2; end; theorem not LIN p,a,a9 & p,a // p,b & p,a9 // p,b9 & a,a9 '||' b,b9 implies a, a9 // b,b9 proof assume that A1: not LIN p,a,a9 and A2: p,a // p,b and A3: p,a9 // p,b9 and A4: a,a9 '||' b,b9; consider c such that A5: Mid a,p,c and A6: p<>c by DIRAF:13; A7: a,p // p,c by A5,DIRAF:def 3; A8: a<>p by A1,DIRAF:31; then consider c9 such that A9: a9,p // p,c9 and A10: a9,a // c,c9 by A7,ANALOAF:def 5; A11: a9,a '||' c9,c by A10,DIRAF:def 4; A12: c <>c9 proof assume c =c9; then Mid a9,p,c by A9,DIRAF:def 3; then LIN a9,p,c by DIRAF:28; then A13: LIN p,c,a9 by DIRAF:30; LIN a,p,c by A5,DIRAF:28; then A14: LIN p,c,a by DIRAF:30; LIN p,c,p by DIRAF:31; hence contradiction by A1,A6,A14,A13,DIRAF:32; end; p,a // c,p by A7,DIRAF:2; then c,p // p,b by A2,A8,ANALOAF:def 5; then consider b99 be Element of OAS such that A15: c9,p // p,b99 and A16: c9,c // b,b99 by A6,ANALOAF:def 5; A17: a9,a '||' b,b9 by A4,DIRAF:22; A18: p<>c9 proof assume p=c9; then a9,a '||' c,p by A10,DIRAF:def 4; then A19: p,c '||' a,a9 by DIRAF:22; a,p '||' p,c by A7,DIRAF:def 4; then a,p '||' a,a9 by A6,A19,DIRAF:23; then LIN a,p,a9 by DIRAF:def 5; hence contradiction by A1,DIRAF:30; end; p,a '||' p,b by A2,DIRAF:def 4; then A20: LIN p,a,b by DIRAF:def 5; A21: c9,c // a,a9 by A10,DIRAF:2; a9,p '||' p,c9 by A9,DIRAF:def 4; then A22: p,a9 '||' p,c9 by DIRAF:22; p,a9 '||' p,b9 by A3,DIRAF:def 4; then A23: LIN p,a9,b9 by DIRAF:def 5; c9,p '||' p,b99 by A15,DIRAF:def 4; then p,c9 '||' p,b99 by DIRAF:22; then p,a9 '||' p,b99 by A18,A22,DIRAF:23; then A24: LIN p,a9,b99 by DIRAF:def 5; c9,c '||' b,b99 by A16,DIRAF:def 4; then A25: a9,a '||' b,b99 by A12,A11,DIRAF:23; not LIN p,a9,a by A1,DIRAF:30; then c9,c // b,b9 by A20,A23,A17,A16,A24,A25,Th4; hence thesis by A12,A21,ANALOAF:def 5; end; theorem Th14: not LIN p,a,b & p,a '||' b,c & p,b '||' a,c implies p,a // b,c & p,b // a,c proof assume that A1: not LIN p,a,b and A2: p,a '||' b,c and A3: p,b '||' a,c; consider d such that A4: p,a // b,d and A5: p,b // a,d and a<>d by ANALOAF:def 5; A6: p,b '||' a,d by A5,DIRAF:def 4; p,a '||' b,d by A4,DIRAF:def 4; hence thesis by A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,Th5; end; theorem Th15: Mid p,c,b & c,d // b,a & p,d // p,a & not LIN p,a,b & p<>c implies Mid p,d,a proof assume that A1: Mid p,c,b and A2: c,d // b,a and A3: p,d // p,a and A4: not LIN p,a,b and A5: p<>c; A6: LIN p,c,b by A1,DIRAF:28; now assume A7: Mid p,a,d; A8: now A9: p<>a by A4,DIRAF:31; assume that A10: b<>c and A11: d<>a; assume not Mid p,d,a; then Mid p,a,d by A3,DIRAF:7; then p,a // a,d by DIRAF:def 3; then consider e1 such that A12: c,a // a,e1 and A13: c,p // d,e1 by A9,ANALOAF:def 5; A14: d,e1 // c,p by A13,DIRAF:2; A15: c <>e1 proof assume c =e1; then Mid c,a,c by A12,DIRAF:def 3; hence contradiction by A4,A6,DIRAF:8; end; Mid b,c,p by A1,DIRAF:9; then A16: b,c // c,p by DIRAF:def 3; then A17: c,p // b,c by DIRAF:2; consider e2 such that A18: b,a // a,e2 and A19: b,c // e1,e2 by A4,A6,A12,ANALOAF:def 5; consider e3 such that A20: b,c // e2,e3 and A21: b,e2 // c,e3 and c <>e3 by ANALOAF:def 5; A22: a<>b by A4,DIRAF:31; A23: Mid c,a,e1 by A12,DIRAF:def 3; A24: d<>e1 proof Mid p,d,a or Mid p,a,d by A3,DIRAF:7; then LIN p,d,a or LIN p,a,d by DIRAF:28; then A25: LIN d,a,p by DIRAF:30; A26: LIN d,a,a by DIRAF:31; assume d=e1; then LIN c,a,d by A23,DIRAF:28; then LIN d,a,c by DIRAF:30; then LIN d,a,b by A5,A6,A25,DIRAF:35; hence contradiction by A4,A11,A25,A26,DIRAF:32; end; b,a // b,e2 by A18,ANALOAF:def 5; then A27: c,d // b,e2 by A2,A22,DIRAF:3; b<>e2 by A22,A18,ANALOAF:def 5; then c,d // c,e3 by A21,A27,DIRAF:3; then Mid c,d,e3 or Mid c,e3,d by DIRAF:7; then LIN c,d,e3 or LIN c,e3,d by DIRAF:28; then A28: LIN d,e3,c by DIRAF:30; e1,e2 // c,p by A10,A19,A16,ANALOAF:def 5; then A29: e1,e2 // d,e1 by A5,A13,DIRAF:3; then d,e1 // e1,e2 by DIRAF:2; then A30: d,e1 // d,e2 by ANALOAF:def 5; then d,e2 // d,e1 by DIRAF:2; then d,e2 // c,p by A24,A14,DIRAF:3; then d,e2 // b,c by A5,A17,DIRAF:3; then A31: d,e2 // e2,e3 by A10,A20,DIRAF:3; then Mid d,e2,e3 by DIRAF:def 3; then LIN d,e2,e3 by DIRAF:28; then A32: LIN d,e3,e2 by DIRAF:30; A33: d<>e2 by A24,A29,ANALOAF:def 5; then A34: d<>e3 by A31,ANALOAF:def 5; d,e2 // d,e3 by A31,ANALOAF:def 5; then d,e1 // d,e3 by A30,A33,DIRAF:3; then Mid d,e1,e3 or Mid d,e3,e1 by DIRAF:7; then LIN d,e1,e3 or LIN d,e3,e1 by DIRAF:28; then A35: LIN d,e3,e1 by DIRAF:30; LIN c,a,e1 by A23,DIRAF:28; then LIN c,e1,a by DIRAF:30; then A36: LIN d,e3,a by A15,A28,A35,DIRAF:35; A37: a<>e1 proof p,a // a,d by A7,DIRAF:def 3; then A38: d,a // a,p by DIRAF:2; assume a=e1; then c,p // a,p by A11,A13,A38,DIRAF:3; then p,c // p,a by DIRAF:2; then Mid p,c,a or Mid p,a,c by DIRAF:7; then LIN p,c,a or LIN p,a,c by DIRAF:28; then A39: LIN p,c,a by DIRAF:30; LIN p,c,p by DIRAF:31; hence contradiction by A4,A5,A6,A39,DIRAF:32; end; A40: a<>e2 proof assume A41: a=e2; e1,a // a,c by A12,DIRAF:2; then b,c // a,c by A19,A37,A41,DIRAF:3; then c,b // c,a by DIRAF:2; then Mid c,b,a or Mid c,a,b by DIRAF:7; then LIN c,b,a or LIN c,a,b by DIRAF:28; then A42: LIN c,b,a by DIRAF:30; A43: LIN c,b,b by DIRAF:31; LIN c,b,p by A6,DIRAF:30; hence contradiction by A4,A10,A42,A43,DIRAF:32; end; Mid b,a,e2 by A18,DIRAF:def 3; then LIN b,a,e2 by DIRAF:28; then LIN a,e2,b by DIRAF:30; then A44: LIN d,e3,b by A40,A36,A32,DIRAF:35; LIN c,b,p by A6,DIRAF:30; then LIN d,e3,p by A10,A28,A44,DIRAF:35; hence contradiction by A4,A34,A36,A44,DIRAF:32; end; A45: LIN p,a,d by A7,DIRAF:28; now assume b=c; then Mid b,d,a or Mid b,a,d by A2,DIRAF:7; then LIN b,d,a or LIN b,a,d by DIRAF:28; then A46: LIN d,a,b by DIRAF:30; A47: LIN d,a,a by DIRAF:31; LIN d,a,p by A45,DIRAF:30; hence a=d by A4,A46,A47,DIRAF:32; end; hence thesis by A8,DIRAF:10; end; hence thesis by A3,DIRAF:7; end; theorem Th16: Mid p,d,a & c,d // b,a & p,c // p,b & not LIN p,a,b & p<>c implies Mid p,c,b proof assume that A1: Mid p,d,a and A2: c,d // b,a and A3: p,c // p,b and A4: not LIN p,a,b and A5: p<>c; A6: p<>d proof assume A7: p=d; c,p // b,p by A3,DIRAF:2; then b,p // b,a by A2,A5,A7,ANALOAF:def 5; then Mid b,p,a or Mid b,a,p by DIRAF:7; then LIN b,p,a or LIN b,a,p by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A4,DIRAF:30; end; Mid p,c,b or Mid p,b,c by A3,DIRAF:7; then A8: LIN p,c,b or LIN p,b,c by DIRAF:28; then A9: LIN p,c,b by DIRAF:30; now A10: not LIN p,d,c proof assume LIN p,d,c; then A11: LIN p,c,d by DIRAF:30; LIN p,c,p by DIRAF:31; then A12: LIN p,d,b by A5,A9,A11,DIRAF:32; A13: LIN p,d,p by DIRAF:31; LIN p,d,a by A1,DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A4,A6,A12,A13,DIRAF:32; end; assume A14: Mid p,b,c; p,d // d,a by A1,DIRAF:def 3; then p,d // p,a by ANALOAF:def 5; then A15: p,a // p,d by DIRAF:2; A16: p<>b by A4,DIRAF:31; b,a // c,d by A2,DIRAF:2; then Mid p,a,d by A14,A15,A16,A10,Th15; then A17: Mid d,a,p by DIRAF:9; Mid a,d,p by A1,DIRAF:9; then c,a // b,a by A2,A17,DIRAF:14; then a,c // a,b by DIRAF:2; then Mid a,c,b or Mid a,b,c by DIRAF:7; then LIN a,c,b or LIN a,b,c by DIRAF:28; then A18: LIN b,c,a by DIRAF:30; A19: LIN b,c,b by DIRAF:31; LIN b,c,p by A8,DIRAF:30; then b=c by A4,A18,A19,DIRAF:32; hence thesis by DIRAF:10; end; hence thesis by A3,DIRAF:7; end; theorem Th17: not LIN p,a,b & p,b // p,c & b,a // c,d & p<>d implies not Mid a ,p,d proof assume that A1: not LIN p,a,b and A2: p,b // p,c and A3: b,a // c,d and A4: p<>d; assume Mid a,p,d; then Mid d,p,a by DIRAF:9; then A5: d,p // p,a by DIRAF:def 3; then A6: p,d // a,p by DIRAF:2; consider b9 such that A7: c,p // p,b9 and A8: c,d // a,b9 by A4,A5,ANALOAF:def 5; A9: p<>c proof assume p=c; then b,a // a,p by A3,A4,A6,DIRAF:3; then Mid b,a,p by DIRAF:def 3; hence contradiction by A1,DIRAF:9,28; end; A10: a<>b9 proof assume A11: a=b9; b,p // c,p by A2,DIRAF:2; then b,p // p,a by A9,A7,A11,DIRAF:3; then Mid b,p,a by DIRAF:def 3; then LIN b,p,a by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A1,DIRAF:30; end; p,c // b9,p by A7,DIRAF:2; then p,b // b9,p by A2,A9,DIRAF:3; then A12: b9,p // p,b by DIRAF:2; A13: c <>d proof assume c =d; then p,b // a,p by A2,A4,A6,DIRAF:3; then b,p // p,a by DIRAF:2; then Mid b,p,a by DIRAF:def 3; then LIN b,p,a by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A1,DIRAF:30; end; p<>b9 proof assume p=b9; then b,a // a,p by A3,A13,A8,DIRAF:3; then Mid b,a,p by DIRAF:def 3; hence contradiction by A1,DIRAF:9,28; end; then consider b99 be Element of OAS such that A14: a,p // p,b99 and A15: a,b9 // b,b99 by A12,ANALOAF:def 5; a<>p by A1,DIRAF:31; then A16: a<>b99 by A14,ANALOAF:def 5; b,a // a,b9 by A3,A13,A8,DIRAF:3; then b,a // b,b99 by A15,A10,DIRAF:3; then Mid b,a,b99 or Mid b,b99,a by DIRAF:7; then LIN b,a,b99 or LIN b,b99,a by DIRAF:28; then A17: LIN a,b99,b by DIRAF:30; Mid a,p,b99 by A14,DIRAF:def 3; then LIN a,p,b99 by DIRAF:28; then A18: LIN a,b99,p by DIRAF:30; LIN a,b99, a by DIRAF:31; hence contradiction by A1,A18,A16,A17,DIRAF:32; end; theorem Th18: p,b // p,c & b<>p implies ex x st p,a // p,x & b,a // c,x proof assume that A1: p,b // p,c and A2: b<>p; A3: b,p // c,p by A1,DIRAF:2; A4: now assume that p<>c and A5: p<>a; consider e1 such that A6: Mid a,p,e1 and A7: p<>e1 by DIRAF:13; a,p // p,e1 by A6,DIRAF:def 3; then consider e2 such that A8: b,p // p,e2 and A9: b,a // e1,e2 by A5,ANALOAF:def 5; Mid e1,p,a by A6,DIRAF:9; then A10: e1,p // p,a by DIRAF:def 3; A11: now A12: now A13: now assume b,p // a,p; then a,p // c,p by A2,A3,ANALOAF:def 5; hence p,a // p,c & b,a // c,c by DIRAF:2,4; end; assume A14: a,b // b,p; then a,b // a,p by ANALOAF:def 5; then b,p // a,p or a=b by A14,ANALOAF:def 5; hence thesis by A13,DIRAF:1; end; A15: now assume A16: a,p // p,b; then a,p // a,b by ANALOAF:def 5; then a,b // p,b by A5,A16,ANALOAF:def 5; then b,a // b,p by DIRAF:2; hence p,a // p,p & b,a // c,p by A2,A3,DIRAF:3,4; end; assume p=e2; then b,a // p,a by A7,A10,A9,DIRAF:3; then a,b // a,p by DIRAF:2; hence thesis by A12,A15,DIRAF:6; end; A17: now A18: now assume that p,a // a,b and A19: p,c // c,a; p,c // p,a by A19,ANALOAF:def 5; hence p,a // p,c & b,a // c,c by DIRAF:2,4; end; A20: now assume that p,b // b,a and A21: p,c // c,a; p,c // p,a by A21,ANALOAF:def 5; hence p,a // p,c & b,a // c,c by DIRAF:2,4; end; A22: now assume that A23: p,a // a,b and A24: p,a // a,c; a,b // a,c by A5,A23,A24,ANALOAF:def 5; hence p,a // p,a & b,a // c,a by DIRAF:1,2; end; A25: p,b // b,a & p,a // a,c implies p,a // p,c & b,a // c,c by ANALOAF:def 5; assume that A26: e1=e2 and A27: e2<>p; p,e2 // a,p by A10,A26,DIRAF:2; then b,p // a,p by A8,A27,DIRAF:3; then A28: p,b // p,a by DIRAF:2; then p,a // p,c by A1,A2,ANALOAF:def 5; hence thesis by A28,A25,A20,A22,A18,DIRAF:6; end; now assume that A29: e1<>e2 and A30: e2<>p; p,b // e2,p by A8,DIRAF:2; then e2,p // p,c by A1,A2,ANALOAF:def 5; then consider x such that A31: e1,p // p,x and A32: e1,e2 // c,x by A30,ANALOAF:def 5; A33: p,a // p,x by A7,A10,A31,ANALOAF:def 5; b,a // c,x by A9,A29,A32,DIRAF:3; hence thesis by A33; end; hence thesis by A17,A11; end; A34: p=c implies p,a // p,c & b,a // c,c by DIRAF:4; p=a implies p,a // p,a & b,a // c,a by A1,DIRAF:1,2; hence thesis by A34,A4; end; theorem Th19: Mid p,c,b implies ex x st Mid p,x,a & b,a // c,x proof A1: b=c implies Mid p,a,a & b,a // c,a by DIRAF:1,10; assume A2: Mid p,c,b; A3: now assume p=b; then p=c by A2,DIRAF:8; hence Mid p,p,a & b,a // c,p by DIRAF:4,10; end; A4: p,c // c,b by A2,DIRAF:def 3; A5: now assume that A6: p<>c and A7: p<>b and A8: b<>c; Mid b,c,p by A2,DIRAF:9; then A9: b,c // c,p by DIRAF:def 3; then A10: b,c // b,p by ANALOAF:def 5; then A11: b,p // c,p by A8,A9,ANALOAF:def 5; A12: now A13: now assume A14: Mid p,a,b; A15: now Mid b,a,p by A14,DIRAF:9; then b,a // a,p by DIRAF:def 3; then A16: a,p // b,a by DIRAF:2; assume Mid p,a,c; then Mid c,a,p by DIRAF:9; then c,a // a,p by DIRAF:def 3; then A17: a,p // c,a by DIRAF:2; A18: b,a // c,a implies Mid p,a,a & b,a // c,a by DIRAF:10; a=p implies Mid p,p,a & b,a // c,p by A8,A9,A10,ANALOAF:def 5 ,DIRAF:10; hence thesis by A17,A16,A18,ANALOAF:def 5; end; Mid p,c,a implies Mid p,c,a & b,a // c,c by DIRAF:4; hence thesis by A2,A14,A15,DIRAF:17; end; A19: now assume Mid a,p,b; then Mid b,p,a by DIRAF:9; then b,p // p,a by DIRAF:def 3; then b,p // b,a by ANALOAF:def 5; hence Mid p,p,a & b,a // c,p by A7,A11,ANALOAF:def 5,DIRAF:10; end; A20: now A21: p,c // p,b by A4,ANALOAF:def 5; assume A22: Mid p,b,a; then p,b // b,a by DIRAF:def 3; then p,c // b,a by A7,A21,DIRAF:3; then b,a // c,b by A4,A6,ANALOAF:def 5; hence thesis by A22; end; assume LIN p,a,b; hence thesis by A13,A19,A20,DIRAF:29; end; now A23: p,b // p,c by A2,DIRAF:7; assume A24: not LIN p,a,b; then p<>b by DIRAF:31; then consider x such that A25: p,a // p,x and A26: b,a // c,x by A23,Th18; A27: p,x // p,a by A25,DIRAF:2; c,x // b,a by A26,DIRAF:2; hence thesis by A2,A6,A24,A26,A27,Th15; end; hence thesis by A12; end; p=c implies Mid p,p,a & b,a // c,p by DIRAF:4,10; hence thesis by A3,A1,A5; end; theorem Th20: p<>b & Mid p,b,c implies ex x st Mid p,a,x & b,a // c,x proof assume that A1: p<>b and A2: Mid p,b,c; A3: p,b // b,c by A2,DIRAF:def 3; then A4: p,b // p,c by ANALOAF:def 5; A5: now assume A6: not LIN p,a,b; consider x such that A7: p,a // p,x and A8: b,a // c,x by A1,A4,Th18; A9: p<>c by A1,A2,DIRAF:8; A10: p<>x proof p,b // p,c by A2,DIRAF:7; then A11: c,p // b,p by DIRAF:2; assume p=x; then b,a // b,p by A8,A9,A11,DIRAF:3; then Mid b,a,p or Mid b,p,a by DIRAF:7; then LIN b,a,p or LIN b,p,a by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A6,DIRAF:30; end; not LIN p,x,c proof Mid p,a,x or Mid p,x,a by A7,DIRAF:7; then LIN p,a,x or LIN p,x,a by DIRAF:28; then A12: LIN p,x,a by DIRAF:30; A13: LIN p,x,p by DIRAF:31; LIN p,b,c by A2,DIRAF:28; then A14: LIN p,c,b by DIRAF:30; A15: LIN p,c,p by DIRAF:31; assume LIN p,x,c; then LIN p,c,a by A10,A12,A13,DIRAF:32; hence contradiction by A6,A9,A14,A15,DIRAF:32; end; hence thesis by A1,A2,A7,A8,Th15; end; A16: now assume that A17: LIN p,a,b and A18: c <>b; A19: now assume Mid p,a,b; then Mid a,b,c by A2,DIRAF:11; then Mid c,b,a by DIRAF:9; then A20: c,b // b,a by DIRAF:def 3; then c,b // c,a by ANALOAF:def 5; hence Mid p,a,a & b,a // c,a by A18,A20,ANALOAF:def 5,DIRAF:10; end; A21: now assume Mid p,b,a; then A22: p,b // b,a by DIRAF:def 3; A23: now A24: now assume p,a // a,c; then Mid p,a,c by DIRAF:def 3; hence thesis by DIRAF:4; end; A25: now assume a=b; then b,a // c,a by DIRAF:4; hence thesis by DIRAF:10; end; p,b // p,a by A22,ANALOAF:def 5; then A26: b,a // p,a by A1,A22,ANALOAF:def 5; assume b,a // a,c; hence thesis by A26,A25,A24,ANALOAF:def 5; end; A27: now assume A28: b,c // c,a; then b,c // b,a by ANALOAF:def 5; hence Mid p,a,a & b,a // c,a by A18,A28,ANALOAF:def 5,DIRAF:10; end; b,a // b,c by A1,A3,A22,ANALOAF:def 5; hence thesis by A23,A27,ANALOAF:def 5; end; now assume Mid a,p,b; then Mid a,b,c by A1,A2,DIRAF:12; then Mid c,b,a by DIRAF:9; then A29: c,b // b,a by DIRAF:def 3; then c,b // c,a by ANALOAF:def 5; hence Mid p,a,a & b,a // c,a by A18,A29,ANALOAF:def 5,DIRAF:10; end; hence thesis by A17,A19,A21,DIRAF:29; end; c =b implies Mid p,a,a & b,a // c,a by DIRAF:1,10; hence thesis by A5,A16; end; theorem Th21: not LIN p,a,b & Mid p,c,b implies ex x st Mid p,x,a & a,b // x,c proof assume that A1: not LIN p,a,b and A2: Mid p,c,b; A3: p<>a by A1,DIRAF:31; A4: LIN p,c,b by A2,DIRAF:28; A5: Mid b,c,p by A2,DIRAF:9; then A6: b,c // c,p by DIRAF:def 3; A7: a<>b by A1,DIRAF:31; A8: now assume that A9: b<>c and A10: a<>c and A11: p<>c; consider e1 such that A12: Mid b,e1,a and A13: p,a // c,e1 by A5,Th19; A14: not LIN p,c,a proof A15: LIN p,c,p by DIRAF:31; assume LIN p,c,a; hence contradiction by A1,A4,A11,A15,DIRAF:32; end; A16: a<>e1 proof assume a=e1; then a,p // a,c by A13,DIRAF:2; then Mid a,p,c or Mid a,c,p by DIRAF:7; then LIN a,p,c or LIN a,c,p by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A14,DIRAF:30; end; consider e4 such that A17: e1,c // c,e4 and A18: e1,b // p,e4 by A6,A9,ANALOAF:def 5; consider e2 such that A19: a,c // c,e2 and A20: a,b // p,e2 by A6,A9,ANALOAF:def 5; consider e3 such that A21: p,c // c,e3 and A22: p,a // e2,e3 by A10,A19,ANALOAF:def 5; A23: not LIN a,b,c proof assume LIN a,b,c; then A24: LIN b,c,a by DIRAF:30; A25: LIN b,c,b by DIRAF:31; LIN b,c,p by A4,DIRAF:30; hence contradiction by A1,A9,A24,A25,DIRAF:32; end; A26: c <>e2 proof assume A27: c =e2; p,c // c,b by A6,DIRAF:2; then a,b // c,b by A11,A20,A27,DIRAF:3; then b,a // b,c by DIRAF:2; then Mid b,a,c or Mid b,c,a by DIRAF:7; then LIN b,a,c or LIN b,c,a by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A23,DIRAF:30; end; A28: e2<>e3 proof assume e2=e3; then c,e2 // p,c by A21,DIRAF:2; then a,c // p,c by A19,A26,DIRAF:3; then c,a // c,p by DIRAF:2; then Mid c,a,p or Mid c,p,a by DIRAF:7; then LIN c,a,p or LIN c,p,a by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A14,DIRAF:30; end; A29: c <>e1 proof assume c =e1; then LIN b,c,a by A12,DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A23,DIRAF:30; end; A30: p<>e4 proof assume p=e4; then c,e1 // p,c by A17,DIRAF:2; then p,a // p,c by A13,A29,DIRAF:3; then Mid p,a,c or Mid p,c,a by DIRAF:7; then LIN p,a,c or LIN p,c,a by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A14,DIRAF:30; end; Mid e1,c,e4 by A17,DIRAF:def 3; then Mid e4,c,e1 by DIRAF:9; then A31: e4,c // c,e1 by DIRAF:def 3; c,e1 // e2,e3 by A3,A13,A22,ANALOAF:def 5; then A32: e4,c // e2,e3 by A29,A31,DIRAF:3; A33: e2<>e4 proof assume e2=e4; then c,e2 // e1,c by A17,DIRAF:2; then a,c // e1,c by A19,A26,DIRAF:3; then c,e1 // c,a by DIRAF:2; then p,a // c,a by A13,A29,DIRAF:3; then a,p // a,c by DIRAF:2; then Mid a,p,c or Mid a,c,p by DIRAF:7; then LIN a,p,c or LIN a,c,p by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A14,DIRAF:30; end; A34: c <>e3 proof assume c =e3; then c,e2 // a,p by A22,DIRAF:2; then a,c // a,p by A19,A26,DIRAF:3; then Mid a,c,p or Mid a,p,c by DIRAF:7; then LIN a,c,p or LIN a,p,c by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A14,DIRAF:30; end; A35: p<>e3 by A11,A21,ANALOAF:def 5; A36: not LIN p,e3,e2 proof p,c // c,b by A2,DIRAF:def 3; then A37: p,c // p,b by ANALOAF:def 5; p,c // p,e3 by A21,ANALOAF:def 5; then p,b // p,e3 by A11,A37,ANALOAF:def 5; then Mid p,b,e3 or Mid p,e3,b by DIRAF:7; then LIN p,b,e3 or LIN p,e3,b by DIRAF:28; then A38: LIN p,e3,b by DIRAF:30; A39: LIN p,e3,p by DIRAF:31; a,c // a,e2 by A19,ANALOAF:def 5; then Mid a,c,e2 or Mid a,e2,c by DIRAF:7; then LIN a,c,e2 or LIN a,e2,c by DIRAF:28; then A40: LIN c,e2,a by DIRAF:30; p,c // p,e3 by A21,ANALOAF:def 5; then Mid p,c,e3 or Mid p,e3,c by DIRAF:7; then LIN p,c,e3 or LIN p,e3,c by DIRAF:28; then A41: LIN p,e3,c by DIRAF:30; assume LIN p,e3,e2; then LIN p,e3,a by A26,A41,A40,DIRAF:35; hence contradiction by A1,A35,A38,A39,DIRAF:32; end; then A42: not LIN e3,e2,p by DIRAF:30; consider e5 such that A43: e4,e2 // c,e5 and A44: e4,c // e2,e5 and A45: e2<>e5 by ANALOAF:def 5; A46: b<>e1 proof p,c // c,b by A2,DIRAF:def 3; then A47: c,b // p,c by DIRAF:2; assume b=e1; then p,a // p,c by A9,A13,A47,DIRAF:3; then Mid p,a,c or Mid p,c,a by DIRAF:7; then LIN p,a,c or LIN p,c,a by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A14,DIRAF:30; end; A48: c <>e4 proof assume A49: c =e4; p,c // c,b by A2,DIRAF:def 3; then e1,b // c,b by A11,A18,A49,DIRAF:3; then b,e1 // b,c by DIRAF:2; then Mid b,e1,c or Mid b,c,e1 by DIRAF:7; then LIN b,e1,c or LIN b,c,e1 by DIRAF:28; then A50: LIN b,e1,c by DIRAF:30; A51: LIN b,e1,b by DIRAF:31; LIN b,e1,a by A12,DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A23,A46,A50,A51,DIRAF:32; end; A52: c <>e5 proof assume c =e5; then c,e4 // c,e2 by A44,DIRAF:2; then e1,c // c,e2 by A17,A48,DIRAF:3; then c,e2 // e1,c by DIRAF:2; then a,c // e1,c by A19,A26,DIRAF:3; then c,e1 // c,a by DIRAF:2; then p,a // c,a by A13,A29,DIRAF:3; then a,p // a,c by DIRAF:2; then Mid a,p,c or Mid a,c,p by DIRAF:7; then LIN a,p,c or LIN a,c,p by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A14,DIRAF:30; end; Mid a,e1,b by A12,DIRAF:9; then A53: a,e1 // e1,b by DIRAF:def 3; then a,e1 // a,b by ANALOAF:def 5; then a,b // e1,b by A16,A53,ANALOAF:def 5; then e1,b // p,e2 by A7,A20,ANALOAF:def 5; then A54: p,e4 // p,e2 by A18,A46,ANALOAF:def 5; Mid p,c,e3 by A21,DIRAF:def 3; then Mid p,e4,e2 by A36,A32,A30,A54,Th16; then A55: p,e4 // e4,e2 by DIRAF:def 3; then p,e4 // p,e2 by ANALOAF:def 5; then A56: p,e2 // e4,e2 by A30,A55,ANALOAF:def 5; then A57: p,e2 // c,e5 by A43,A33,DIRAF:3; p<>e2 proof assume p=e2; then Mid a,c,p by A19,DIRAF:def 3; hence contradiction by A14,DIRAF:9,28; end; then A58: a,b // e4,e2 by A20,A56,DIRAF:3; then A59: a,b // c,e5 by A43,A33,DIRAF:3; A60: e5<>e3 proof assume e5=e3; then c,e3 // a,b by A59,DIRAF:2; then p,c // a,b by A21,A34,DIRAF:3; then c,p // b,a by DIRAF:2; then b,c // b,a by A6,A11,DIRAF:3; then Mid b,c,a or Mid b,a,c by DIRAF:7; then LIN b,c,a or LIN b,a,c by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A23,DIRAF:30; end; c,e1 // e4,c by A17,DIRAF:2; then c,e1 // e2,e5 by A44,A48,DIRAF:3; then p,a // e2,e5 by A13,A29,DIRAF:3; then e2,e3 // e2,e5 by A3,A22,ANALOAF:def 5; then Mid e2,e3,e5 or Mid e2,e5,e3 by DIRAF:7; then LIN e2,e3,e5 or LIN e2,e5,e3 by DIRAF:28; then A61: LIN e2,e3,e5 by DIRAF:30; Mid p,c,e3 by A21,DIRAF:def 3; then A62: Mid e3,c,p by DIRAF:9; e3,c // c,p by A21,DIRAF:2; then consider x such that A63: e5,c // c,x and A64: e5,e3 // p,x by A34,ANALOAF:def 5; A65: c,e5 // x,c by A63,DIRAF:2; Mid p,c,e3 by A21,DIRAF:def 3; then Mid e3,c,p by DIRAF:9; then e3,c // c,p by DIRAF:def 3; then e3,c // e3,p by ANALOAF:def 5; then e3,p // e3,c by DIRAF:2; then not Mid e2,e3,e5 by A60,A57,A42,Th17; then Mid e3,e2,e5 or Mid e2,e5,e3 by A61,DIRAF:29; then e3,e2 // e2,e5 or Mid e3,e5,e2 by DIRAF:9,def 3; then e3,e2 // e3,e5 or e3,e5 // e5,e2 by ANALOAF:def 5,DIRAF:def 3; then A66: e3,e5 // e3,e2 by ANALOAF:def 5,DIRAF:2; c,e5 // p,e2 by A57,DIRAF:2; then Mid e3,e5,e2 by A34,A42,A66,A62,Th15; then Mid e2,e5,e3 by DIRAF:9; then A67: e2,e5 // e5,e3 by DIRAF:def 3; then e2,e5 // e2,e3 by ANALOAF:def 5; then e2,e3 // e5,e3 by A45,A67,ANALOAF:def 5; then p,a // e5,e3 by A22,A28,DIRAF:3; then p,a // p,x by A64,A60,DIRAF:3; then A68: p,x // p,a by DIRAF:2; a,b // c,e5 by A43,A33,A58,DIRAF:3; then A69: a,b // x,c by A52,A65,DIRAF:3; then c,x // b,a by DIRAF:2; hence thesis by A1,A2,A11,A69,A68,Th15; end; A70: a=c implies a,b // a,c & Mid p,a,a by DIRAF:4,10; A71: p=c implies a,b // c,c & Mid p,c,a by DIRAF:4,10; b=c implies a,b // a,c & Mid p,a,a by DIRAF:1,10; hence thesis by A8,A70,A71; end; theorem ex x st a,x // b,c & a,b // x,c proof A1: now consider e3 such that A2: Mid b,c,e3 and A3: c <>e3 by DIRAF:13; A4: b,c // c,e3 by A2,DIRAF:def 3; assume A5: not LIN a,b,c; then A6: b<>c by DIRAF:31; then consider e4 such that A7: a,c // c,e4 and A8: a,b // e3,e4 by A4,ANALOAF:def 5; A9: Mid a,c,e4 by A7,DIRAF:def 3; then Mid e4,c,a by DIRAF:9; then A10: e4,c // c,a by DIRAF:def 3; A11: e4<>c proof assume A12: e4=c; e3,c // c,b by A4,DIRAF:2; then a,b // c,b by A3,A8,A12,DIRAF:3; then b,a // b,c by DIRAF:2; then Mid b,a,c or Mid b,c,a by DIRAF:7; then LIN b,a,c or LIN b,c,a by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A5,DIRAF:30; end; A13: not LIN e4,c,e3 proof LIN b,c,e3 by A2,DIRAF:28; then A14: LIN c,e3,b by DIRAF:30; assume A15: LIN e4,c,e3; A16: LIN c,e3,c by DIRAF:31; A17: LIN e4,c,c by DIRAF:31; LIN e4,c,a by A9,DIRAF:9,28; then LIN c,e3,a by A11,A15,A17,DIRAF:32; hence contradiction by A5,A3,A14,A16,DIRAF:32; end; b,c // c,e3 by A2,DIRAF:def 3; then A18: c,e3 // b,c by DIRAF:2; consider e1 such that A19: Mid c,a,e1 and A20: a<>e1 by DIRAF:13; A21: c,a // a,e1 by A19,DIRAF:def 3; A22: a<>c by A5,DIRAF:31; then consider e2 such that A23: b,a // a,e2 and A24: b,c // e1,e2 by A21,ANALOAF:def 5; c,a // c,e1 by A21,ANALOAF:def 5; then e4,c // c,e1 by A22,A10,DIRAF:3; then A25: Mid e4,c,e1 by DIRAF:def 3; then consider e5 such that A26: Mid e4,e3,e5 and A27: c,e3 // e1,e5 by A11,Th20; A28: e4<>e3 proof assume e4=e3; then Mid a,c,e3 by A7,DIRAF:def 3; then A29: LIN e3,c,a by DIRAF:9,28; A30: LIN e3,c,c by DIRAF:31; LIN e3,c,b by A2,DIRAF:9,28; hence contradiction by A5,A3,A29,A30,DIRAF:32; end; then A31: e4<>e5 by A26,DIRAF:8; A32: e1<>e4 by A25,A11,DIRAF:8; A33: not LIN e1,e4,e3 proof LIN e4,c,e1 by A25,DIRAF:28; then A34: LIN e4,e1,c by DIRAF:30; assume LIN e1,e4,e3; then A35: LIN e4,e1,e3 by DIRAF:30; LIN e4,e1,e4 by DIRAF:31; hence contradiction by A32,A13,A35,A34,DIRAF:32; end; A36: not LIN e1,e5,e4 proof LIN e4,e3,e5 by A26,DIRAF:28; then A37: LIN e5,e4,e3 by DIRAF:30; assume LIN e1,e5,e4; then A38: LIN e5,e4,e1 by DIRAF:30; LIN e5,e4,e4 by DIRAF:31; hence contradiction by A31,A33,A38,A37,DIRAF:32; end; then A39: e1<>e5 by DIRAF:31; Mid e1,c,e4 by A25,DIRAF:9; then consider e6 such that A40: Mid e1,e6,e5 and A41: e5,e4 // e6,c by A36,Th21; A42: c <>e1 by A19,A20,DIRAF:8; A43: not LIN c,e1,b proof LIN c,a,e1 by A19,DIRAF:28; then A44: LIN c,e1,a by DIRAF:30; A45: LIN c,e1,c by DIRAF:31; assume LIN c,e1,b; hence contradiction by A5,A42,A44,A45,DIRAF:32; end; A46: e5<>e3 proof assume e5=e3; then e3,c // e3,e1 by A27,DIRAF:2; then Mid e3,c,e1 or Mid e3,e1,c by DIRAF:7; then LIN e3,c,e1 or LIN e3,e1,c by DIRAF:28; then A47: LIN e3,c,e1 by DIRAF:30; A48: LIN e3,c,c by DIRAF:31; LIN e3,c,b by A2,DIRAF:9,28; hence contradiction by A3,A43,A47,A48,DIRAF:32; end; A49: e1<>e6 proof Mid e5,e3,e4 by A26,DIRAF:9; then A50: e5,e3 // e3,e4 by DIRAF:def 3; then e5,e3 // e5,e4 by ANALOAF:def 5; then A51: e5,e4 // e3,e4 by A46,A50,ANALOAF:def 5; assume e1=e6; then e3,e4 // e1,c by A31,A41,A51,ANALOAF:def 5; then A52: a,b // e1,c by A8,A28,DIRAF:3; Mid e1,a,c by A19,DIRAF:9; then A53: e1,a // a,c by DIRAF:def 3; then e1,a // e1,c by ANALOAF:def 5; then e1,c // a,c by A20,A53,ANALOAF:def 5; then a,b // a,c by A42,A52,DIRAF:3; then a,b // b,c or a,c // c,b by DIRAF:6; then Mid a,b,c or Mid a,c,b by DIRAF:def 3; then LIN a,b,c or LIN a,c,b by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A5,DIRAF:30; end; consider x such that A54: Mid c,x,e6 and A55: e1,e6 // a,x by A19,Th19; e1,e6 // e6,e5 by A40,DIRAF:def 3; then e1,e6 // e1,e5 by ANALOAF:def 5; then e1,e5 // a,x by A55,A49,ANALOAF:def 5; then c,e3 // a,x by A27,A39,DIRAF:3; then A56: a,x // b,c by A3,A18,ANALOAF:def 5; A57: e6<>c proof assume e6=c; then x=c by A54,DIRAF:8; then c,a // c,b by A56,DIRAF:2; then Mid c,a,b or Mid c,b,a by DIRAF:7; then LIN c,a,b or LIN c,b,a by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A5,DIRAF:30; end; A58: a<>e2 proof assume A59: a=e2; e1,a // a,c by A21,DIRAF:2; then b,c // a,c by A20,A24,A59,DIRAF:3; then c,b // c,a by DIRAF:2; then Mid c,b,a or Mid c,a,b by DIRAF:7; then LIN c,b,a or LIN c,a,b by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A5,DIRAF:30; end; A60: e6<>x proof assume e6=x; then e6,e1 // e6,a by A55,DIRAF:2; then Mid e6,e1,a or Mid e6,a,e1 by DIRAF:7; then LIN e6,e1,a or LIN e6,a,e1 by DIRAF:28; then A61: LIN e6,e1,a by DIRAF:30; LIN e1,e6,e5 by A40,DIRAF:28; then A62: LIN e6,e1,e5 by DIRAF:30; b,c // e1,e5 by A3,A4,A27,DIRAF:3; then e1,e2 // e1,e5 by A6,A24,ANALOAF:def 5; then Mid e1,e2,e5 or Mid e1,e5,e2 by DIRAF:7; then LIN e1,e2,e5 or LIN e1,e5,e2 by DIRAF:28; then A63: LIN e1,e5,e2 by DIRAF:30; A64: LIN e1,e5,e1 by DIRAF:31; Mid b,a,e2 by A23,DIRAF:def 3; then LIN b,a,e2 by DIRAF:28; then A65: LIN a,e2,b by DIRAF:30; LIN c,a,e1 by A19,DIRAF:28; then A66: LIN a,e1,c by DIRAF:30; LIN e6,e1,e1 by DIRAF:31; then LIN e1,e5,a by A49,A61,A62,DIRAF:32; then A67: LIN a,e1,e2 by A39,A63,A64,DIRAF:32; A68: LIN a,e2,a by DIRAF:31; LIN a,e1,a by DIRAF:31; then LIN a,e2,c by A20,A67,A66,DIRAF:32; hence contradiction by A5,A58,A65,A68,DIRAF:32; end; Mid e6,x,c by A54,DIRAF:9; then A69: e6,x // x,c by DIRAF:def 3; then e6,x // e6,c by ANALOAF:def 5; then A70: e6,c // x,c by A60,A69,ANALOAF:def 5; Mid e5,e3,e4 by A26,DIRAF:9; then A71: e5,e3 // e3,e4 by DIRAF:def 3; then e5,e3 // e5,e4 by ANALOAF:def 5; then e3,e4 // e5,e4 by A46,A71,ANALOAF:def 5; then a,b // e5,e4 by A8,A28,DIRAF:3; then a,b // e6,c by A31,A41,DIRAF:3; then a,b // x,c by A57,A70,DIRAF:3; hence thesis by A56; end; now A72: now assume Mid a,c,b; then a,c // c,b by DIRAF:def 3; then a,c // a,b by ANALOAF:def 5; hence a,a // b,c & a,b // a,c by DIRAF:2,4; end; A73: now assume Mid b,a,c; then Mid c,a,b by DIRAF:9; then c,a // a,b by DIRAF:def 3; then c,a // c,b by ANALOAF:def 5; hence a,c // b,c & a,b // c,c by DIRAF:2,4; end; A74: Mid a,b,c implies a,b // b,c & a,b // b,c by DIRAF:def 3; assume LIN a,b,c; hence thesis by A74,A73,A72,DIRAF:29; end; hence thesis by A1; end; theorem Th23: a,b // c,d & not LIN a,b,c implies ex x st Mid a,x,d & Mid b,x,c proof assume that A1: a,b // c,d and A2: not LIN a,b,c; A3: now consider e1 such that A4: a,b // d,e1 and A5: a,d // b,e1 and A6: b<>e1 by ANALOAF:def 5; A7: a<>b by A2,DIRAF:31; then c,d // d,e1 by A1,A4,ANALOAF:def 5; then A8: Mid c,d,e1 by DIRAF:def 3; A9: a<>d proof assume a=d; then b,a // a,c by A1,DIRAF:2; then Mid b,a,c by DIRAF:def 3; then LIN b,a,c by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A2,DIRAF:30; end; A10: not LIN a,b,d proof A11: now assume a,b // a,d; then c,d // a,d by A1,A7,ANALOAF:def 5; then d,c // d,a by DIRAF:2; then d,c '||' d,a by DIRAF:def 4; hence LIN d,c,a by DIRAF:def 5; end; A12: LIN d,a,a by DIRAF:31; A13: now assume a,b // d,a; then c,d // d,a by A1,A7,ANALOAF:def 5; then Mid c,d,a by DIRAF:def 3; then LIN c,d,a by DIRAF:28; hence LIN d,c,a by DIRAF:30; end; assume A14: LIN a,b,d; then A15: LIN d,a,b by DIRAF:30; a,b '||' a,d by A14,DIRAF:def 5; then LIN d,a,c by A11,A13,DIRAF:30,def 4; hence contradiction by A2,A9,A12,A15,DIRAF:32; end; consider e2 such that A16: c,d // b,e2 and A17: c,b // d,e2 and A18: d<>e2 by ANALOAF:def 5; assume A19: c <>d; then a,b // b,e2 by A1,A16,DIRAF:3; then A20: Mid a,b,e2 by DIRAF:def 3; A21: not LIN c,d,b proof A22: now assume c,d // c,b; then a,b // c,b by A1,A19,DIRAF:3; then b,a // b,c by DIRAF:2; then Mid b,a,c or Mid b,c,a by DIRAF:7; then LIN b,a,c or LIN b,c,a by DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A2,DIRAF:30; end; assume LIN c,d,b; then c,d '||' c,b by DIRAF:def 5; then c,d // c,b or c,d // b,c by DIRAF:def 4; then a,b // b,c by A1,A19,A22,DIRAF:3; then Mid a,b,c by DIRAF:def 3; hence contradiction by A2,DIRAF:28; end; A23: LIN b,c,c by DIRAF:31; A24: LIN d,a,a by DIRAF:31; A25: c <>e1 proof assume c =e1; then c,d // d,c by A1,A4,A7,ANALOAF:def 5; hence contradiction by A19,ANALOAF:def 5; end; not LIN c,b,e1 proof LIN c,d,e1 by A8,DIRAF:28; then A26: LIN c,e1,d by DIRAF:30; assume LIN c,b,e1; then A27: LIN c,e1,b by DIRAF:30; LIN c,e1,c by DIRAF:31; hence contradiction by A25,A21,A27,A26,DIRAF:32; end; then consider x such that A28: Mid c,x,b and A29: b,e1 // x,d by A8,Th21; A30: Mid b,x,c by A28,DIRAF:9; a,d // x,d by A5,A6,A29,DIRAF:3; then d,a // d,x by DIRAF:2; then Mid d,a,x or Mid d,x,a by DIRAF:7; then LIN d,a,x or LIN d,x,a by DIRAF:28; then A31: LIN d,a,x by DIRAF:30; A32: b<>c by A2,DIRAF:31; A33: a<>e2 proof assume a=e2; then a,b // b,a by A1,A19,A16,DIRAF:3; hence contradiction by A7,ANALOAF:def 5; end; not LIN a,d,e2 proof LIN a,b,e2 by A20,DIRAF:28; then A34: LIN a,e2,b by DIRAF:30; assume LIN a,d,e2; then A35: LIN a,e2,d by DIRAF:30; LIN a,e2,a by DIRAF:31; hence contradiction by A33,A10,A35,A34,DIRAF:32; end; then consider y such that A36: Mid a,y,d and A37: d,e2 // y,b by A20,Th21; A38: LIN b,c,b by DIRAF:31; c,b // y,b by A17,A18,A37,DIRAF:3; then b,c // b,y by DIRAF:2; then Mid b,c,y or Mid b,y,c by DIRAF:7; then LIN b,c,y or LIN b,y,c by DIRAF:28; then A39: LIN b,c,y by DIRAF:30; A40: LIN c,x,b by A28,DIRAF:28; then LIN b,c,x by DIRAF:30; then A41: LIN x,y,c by A32,A39,A23,DIRAF:32; LIN a,y,d by A36,DIRAF:28; then LIN d,a,y by DIRAF:30; then A42: LIN x,y,a by A9,A31,A24,DIRAF:32; LIN b,c,x by A40,DIRAF:30; then LIN x,y,b by A32,A39,A38,DIRAF:32; then Mid a,x,d by A2,A36,A42,A41,DIRAF:32; hence thesis by A30; end; now assume A43: c =d; take x=c; thus Mid a,x,d & Mid b,x,c by A43,DIRAF:10; end; hence thesis by A3; end; theorem OAS is Fanoian proof let a,b,c,d; assume that A1: a,b // c,d and a,c // b,d and A2: not LIN a,b,c; thus thesis by A1,A2,Th23; end; theorem a,b '||' c,d & a,c '||' b,d & not LIN a,b,c implies ex x st LIN x,a,d & LIN x,b,c proof assume that A1: a,b '||' c,d and A2: a,c '||' b,d and A3: not LIN a,b,c; a,b // c,d by A1,A2,A3,Th14; then consider x such that A4: Mid a,x,d and A5: Mid b,x,c by A3,Th23; LIN b,x,c by A5,DIRAF:28; then A6: LIN x,b,c by DIRAF:30; LIN a,x,d by A4,DIRAF:28; then LIN x,a,d by DIRAF:30; hence thesis by A6; end; theorem a,b '||' c,d & not LIN a,b,c & LIN p,a,d & LIN p,b,c implies not LIN p ,a,b proof assume that A1: a,b '||' c,d and A2: not LIN a,b,c and A3: LIN p,a,d and A4: LIN p,b,c; A5: LIN p,a,a by DIRAF:31; assume LIN p,a,b; then A6: LIN a,b,d by A2,A3,A4,A5,DIRAF:32; A7: a,b '||' d,c by A1,DIRAF:22; a<>b by A2,DIRAF:31; hence contradiction by A2,A6,A7,DIRAF:33; end; theorem Th27: Mid a,b,d & Mid b,x,c & not LIN a,b,c implies ex y st Mid a,y,c & Mid y,x,d proof assume that A1: Mid a,b,d and A2: Mid b,x,c and A3: not LIN a,b,c; A4: now assume A5: b=d; take y=c; thus Mid a,y,c & Mid d,x,y by A2,A5,DIRAF:10; thus Mid a,y,c & Mid y,x,d by A2,A5,DIRAF:9,10; end; A6: Mid d,b,a by A1,DIRAF:9; A7: now assume that A8: b<>d and A9: x<>b; d,b // b,a by A6,DIRAF:def 3; then consider e1 such that A10: x,b // b,e1 and A11: x,d // a,e1 by A8,ANALOAF:def 5; A12: Mid x,b,e1 by A10,DIRAF:def 3; then A13: Mid e1,b,x by DIRAF:9; then A14: Mid e1,x,c by A2,A9,DIRAF:12; A15: c <>e1 proof assume c =e1; then Mid x,b,x by A2,A9,A13,DIRAF:8,12; hence contradiction by A9,DIRAF:8; end; A16: x<>e1 by A9,A12,DIRAF:8; A17: not LIN c,a,e1 proof LIN x,b,e1 by A12,DIRAF:28; then A18: LIN x,e1,b by DIRAF:30; assume LIN c,a,e1; then A19: LIN c,e1,a by DIRAF:30; LIN c,x,e1 by A14,DIRAF:9,28; then A20: LIN c,e1,x by DIRAF:30; A21: LIN c,e1,c by DIRAF:31; LIN c,e1,e1 by DIRAF:31; then LIN c,e1,b by A16,A20,A18,DIRAF:35; hence contradiction by A3,A15,A19,A21,DIRAF:32; end; Mid c,x,e1 by A14,DIRAF:9; then consider y such that A22: Mid c,y,a and A23: a,e1 // y,x by A17,Th21; a<>e1 by A17,DIRAF:31; then x,d // y,x by A11,A23,DIRAF:3; then d,x // x,y by DIRAF:2; then Mid d,x,y by DIRAF:def 3; then A24: Mid y,x,d by DIRAF:9; Mid a,y,c by A22,DIRAF:9; hence thesis by A24; end; now assume that b<>d and A25: x=b; take y=a; thus Mid a,y,c & Mid y,x,d by A1,A25,DIRAF:10; end; hence thesis by A7,A4; end; theorem OAS is satisfying_Ext_Bet_Pasch proof let a,b,c,d,x,y; assume that A1: Mid a,b,d and A2: Mid b,x,c and A3: not LIN a,b,c; thus thesis by A1,A2,A3,Th27; end; theorem Th29: Mid a,b,d & Mid a,x,c & not LIN a,b,c implies ex y st Mid b,y,c & Mid x,y,d proof assume that A1: Mid a,b,d and A2: Mid a,x,c and A3: not LIN a,b,c; A4: b<>c by A3,DIRAF:31; A5: a<>b by A3,DIRAF:31; A6: now assume that A7: b<>d and A8: x<>c and A9: a<>x; A10: a<>d by A1,A7,DIRAF:8; consider e1 such that A11: Mid a,d,e1 and A12: x,d // c,e1 by A2,A9,Th20; A13: Mid e1,d,a by A11,DIRAF:9; A14: LIN d,b,a by A1,DIRAF:9,28; A15: not LIN a,x,b proof A16: LIN a,x,a by DIRAF:31; assume A17: LIN a,x,b; LIN a,x,c by A2,DIRAF:28; hence contradiction by A3,A9,A17,A16,DIRAF:32; end; A18: not LIN x,d,a proof assume LIN x,d,a; then A19: LIN d,a,x by DIRAF:30; A20: LIN d,a,a by DIRAF:31; LIN d,a,b by A14,DIRAF:30; hence contradiction by A10,A15,A19,A20,DIRAF:32; end; then A21: x<>d by DIRAF:31; A22: Mid d,b,a by A1,DIRAF:9; Mid b,d,e1 by A1,A11,DIRAF:11; then Mid e1,d,b by DIRAF:9; then Mid e1,b,a by A22,A13,DIRAF:12; then A23: e1,b // b,a by DIRAF:def 3; e1<>b by A7,A22,A13,DIRAF:14; then consider e2 such that A24: c,b // b,e2 and A25: c,e1 // a,e2 by A23,ANALOAF:def 5; A26: Mid c,b,e2 by A24,DIRAF:def 3; then A27: LIN c,b,e2 by DIRAF:28; Mid c,x,a by A2,DIRAF:9; then consider y such that A28: Mid c,y,e2 and A29: a,e2 // x,y by Th19; A30: Mid c,b,y or Mid c,y,b by A26,A28,DIRAF:17; A31: c <>e2 by A4,A24,ANALOAF:def 5; A32: now LIN c,b,e2 by A26,DIRAF:28; then A33: LIN c,e2,b by DIRAF:30; LIN c,y,e2 by A28,DIRAF:28; then A34: LIN c,e2,y by DIRAF:30; LIN c,e2,c by DIRAF:31; then A35: LIN b,y,c by A31,A34,A33,DIRAF:32; LIN a,x,c by A2,DIRAF:28; then A36: LIN x,a,c by DIRAF:30; A37: Mid c,x,a by A2,DIRAF:9; assume A38: Mid x,d,y; then consider c9 such that A39: Mid x,c9,a and A40: Mid c9,b,y by A22,A18,Th27; LIN x,c9,a by A39,DIRAF:28; then A41: LIN x,a,c9 by DIRAF:30; A42: b<>y proof assume b=y; then LIN x,d,b by A38,DIRAF:28; then A43: LIN d,b,x by DIRAF:30; A44: LIN d,b,b by DIRAF:31; LIN a,x,c by A2,DIRAF:28; then LIN d,b,c by A9,A14,A43,DIRAF:35; hence contradiction by A3,A7,A14,A44,DIRAF:32; end; LIN c9,b,y by A40,DIRAF:28; then A45: LIN b,y,c9 by DIRAF:30; then A46: LIN c,c9,c by A42,A35,DIRAF:32; LIN b,y,b by DIRAF:31; then A47: LIN c,c9,b by A42,A35,A45,DIRAF:32; LIN x,a,a by DIRAF:31; then LIN c,c9,a by A9,A36,A41,DIRAF:32; then Mid x,c,a by A3,A39,A47,A46,DIRAF:32; hence contradiction by A8,A37,DIRAF:14; end; A48: a<>e2 proof assume a=e2; then Mid c,b,a by A24,DIRAF:def 3; hence contradiction by A3,DIRAF:9,28; end; A49: LIN e1,d,a by A11,DIRAF:9,28; A50: c <>e1 proof assume c =e1; then A51: LIN d,a,c by A49,DIRAF:30; A52: LIN d,a,a by DIRAF:31; LIN d,a,b by A14,DIRAF:30; hence contradiction by A3,A10,A51,A52,DIRAF:32; end; then x,d // a,e2 by A12,A25,DIRAF:3; then x,d // x,y by A48,A29,DIRAF:3; then A53: Mid x,d,y or Mid x,y,d by DIRAF:7; then A54: Mid d,y,x by A32,DIRAF:9; now A55: b<>e2 proof A56: a,b // b,d by A1,DIRAF:def 3; assume A57: b=e2; c,e1 // x,d by A12,DIRAF:2; then a,b // x,d by A25,A50,A57,ANALOAF:def 5; then x,d // b,d by A5,A56,ANALOAF:def 5; then d,x // d,b by DIRAF:2; then Mid d,x,b or Mid d,b,x by DIRAF:7; then LIN d,x,b or LIN d,b,x by DIRAF:28; then A58: LIN d,b,x by DIRAF:30; LIN d,b,b by DIRAF:31; then A59: LIN a,x,b by A7,A14,A58,DIRAF:32; A60: LIN a,x,c by A2,DIRAF:28; LIN a,x,a by A7,A14,A58,DIRAF:32; hence contradiction by A3,A9,A59,A60,DIRAF:32; end; A61: LIN b,d,a by A14,DIRAF:30; A62: y<>d proof A63: LIN c,e2,c by DIRAF:31; A64: LIN c,e2,b by A27,DIRAF:30; assume y=d; then LIN c,d,e2 by A28,DIRAF:28; then LIN c,e2,d by DIRAF:30; then LIN c,e2,a by A7,A14,A64,DIRAF:35; hence contradiction by A3,A31,A64,A63,DIRAF:32; end; A65: LIN b,e2,c by A27,DIRAF:30; assume A66: not Mid c,y,b; then A67: y<>b by DIRAF:10; Mid b,y,e2 by A28,A30,A66,DIRAF:11; then consider z such that A68: Mid b,d,z and A69: y,d // e2,z by A67,Th20; A70: LIN a,e2,a by DIRAF:31; A71: now assume A72: a=z; Mid d,b,a by A1,DIRAF:9; hence contradiction by A7,A68,A72,DIRAF:14; end; d,y // y,x by A54,DIRAF:def 3; then d,y // d,x by ANALOAF:def 5; then y,d // x,d by DIRAF:2; then y,d // c,e1 by A12,A21,DIRAF:3; then c,e1 // e2,z by A69,A62,ANALOAF:def 5; then a,e2 // e2,z by A25,A50,ANALOAF:def 5; then Mid a,e2,z by DIRAF:def 3; then LIN a,e2,z by DIRAF:28; then A73: LIN a,z,e2 by DIRAF:30; A74: LIN b,d,z by A68,DIRAF:28; then A75: LIN a,z,a by A7,A61,DIRAF:32; LIN b,d,b by DIRAF:31; then LIN a,z,b by A7,A74,A61,DIRAF:32; then A76: LIN a,e2,b by A73,A75,A71,DIRAF:32; LIN a,e2,e2 by A73,A75,A71,DIRAF:32; then LIN a,e2,c by A55,A76,A65,DIRAF:35; hence contradiction by A3,A48,A76,A70,DIRAF:32; end; then Mid b,y,c by DIRAF:9; hence thesis by A53,A32; end; A77: b=d implies Mid b,d,c & Mid x,d,d by DIRAF:10; A78: x=c implies Mid b,c,c & Mid x,c,d by DIRAF:10; a=x implies Mid b,b,c & Mid x,b,d by A1,DIRAF:10; hence thesis by A6,A77,A78; end; theorem OAS is satisfying_Int_Bet_Pasch proof let a,b,c,d,x,y; assume that A1: Mid a,b,d and A2: Mid a,x,c and A3: not LIN a,b,c; thus thesis by A1,A2,A3,Th29; end; theorem Mid p,a,b & p,a // p9,a9 & not LIN p,a,p9 & LIN p9,a9,b9 & p,p9 // a, a9 & p,p9 // b,b9 implies Mid p9,a9,b9 proof assume that A1: Mid p,a,b and A2: p,a // p9,a9 and A3: not LIN p,a,p9 and A4: LIN p9,a9,b9 and A5: p,p9 // a,a9 and A6: p,p9 // b,b9; A7: p<>a by A3,DIRAF:31; A8: p<>p9 by A3,DIRAF:31; A9: LIN p,a,b by A1,DIRAF:28; then A10: LIN p,b,a by DIRAF:30; now A11: p<>b by A1,A7,DIRAF:8; A12: p9<>b9 proof assume A13: p9=b9; then b9,p // b9,b by A6,DIRAF:2; then Mid b9,p,b or Mid b9,b,p by DIRAF:7; then LIN b9,p,b or LIN b9,b,p by DIRAF:28; then A14: LIN p,b,b9 by DIRAF:30; LIN p,b,p by DIRAF:31; hence contradiction by A3,A10,A11,A13,A14,DIRAF:32; end; A15: not LIN p,a,a9 proof assume A16: LIN p,a,a9; p,a '||' a9,p9 by A2,DIRAF:def 4; hence contradiction by A3,A7,A16,DIRAF:33; end; then A17: a<>a9 by DIRAF:31; A18: now a,a9 // p,p9 by A5,DIRAF:2; then A19: a,a9 '||' p9,p by DIRAF:def 4; assume LIN a,a9,p9; then LIN a,a9,p by A17,A19,DIRAF:33; hence contradiction by A15,DIRAF:30; end; assume that A20: p9<>a9 and a9<>b9; consider x such that A21: Mid p,x,b9 and A22: b,b9 // a,x by A1,Th19; Mid b9,x,p by A21,DIRAF:9; then consider y such that A23: Mid b9,y,p9 and A24: p,p9 // x,y by Th19; LIN b9,y,p9 by A23,DIRAF:28; then A25: LIN p9,b9,y by DIRAF:30; A26: b<>b9 proof assume b=b9; then LIN a9,p9,b by A4,DIRAF:30; then a9,p9 '||' a9,b by DIRAF:def 5; then a9,p9 // a9,b or a9,p9 // b,a9 by DIRAF:def 4; then p9,a9 // a9,b or p9,a9 // b,a9 by DIRAF:2; then p,a // a9,b or p,a // b,a9 by A2,A20,DIRAF:3; then p,a '||' b,a9 by DIRAF:def 4; hence contradiction by A1,A7,A15,DIRAF:28,33; end; A27: x<>a proof assume x=a; then A28: LIN p,a,b9 by A21,DIRAF:28; LIN p,a,a by DIRAF:31; then A29: LIN b,b9,a by A7,A9,A28,DIRAF:32; LIN p,a,p by DIRAF:31; then A30: LIN b,b9,p by A7,A9,A28,DIRAF:32; b,b9 // p,p9 by A6,DIRAF:2; then b,b9 '||' p,p9 by DIRAF:def 4; then LIN b,b9,p9 by A26,A30,DIRAF:33; hence contradiction by A3,A26,A29,A30,DIRAF:32; end; A31: LIN p9,b9,a9 by A4,DIRAF:30; then A32: LIN y,a9,a9 by A12,A25,DIRAF:32; A33: p,p9 // a,x by A6,A22,A26,DIRAF:3; then a,x // x,y by A8,A24,ANALOAF:def 5; then a,x // a,y by ANALOAF:def 5; then p,p9 // a,y by A27,A33,DIRAF:3; then a,y // a,a9 by A5,A8,ANALOAF:def 5; then a,y '||' a,a9 by DIRAF:def 4; then LIN a,y,a9 by DIRAF:def 5; then A34: LIN y,a9,a by DIRAF:30; LIN p9,b9,p9 by DIRAF:31; then LIN y,a9,p9 by A12,A25,A31,DIRAF:32; then y=a9 or LIN a,a9,p9 by A34,A32,DIRAF:32; hence thesis by A23,A18,DIRAF:9; end; hence thesis by DIRAF:10; end;