:: Partial Differentiation of Real Binary Functions :: by Bing Xie , Xiquan Liang , Hongwei Li and Yanping Zhuang :: :: Received August 5, 2008 :: Copyright (c) 2008 Association of Mizar Users environ vocabularies FUNCT_1, ARYTM, ARYTM_1, FINSEQ_1, FINSEQ_2, RELAT_1, ABSVALUE, ORDINAL2, SEQ_1, SEQ_2, RCOMP_1, BOOLE, PARTFUN1, FDIFF_1, PDIFF_1, BORSUK_1, PDIFF_2, ARYTM_3, SEQM_3, FCONT_1, FRECHET2, ANPROJ_1; notations TARSKI, SUBSET_1, FUNCT_1, RELSET_1, PARTFUN1, RFUNCT_2, XCMPLX_0, XREAL_0, COMPLEX1, ORDINAL1, NUMBERS, REAL_1, VALUED_1, SEQ_1, SEQ_2, FINSEQ_1, FINSEQ_2, RCOMP_1, EUCLID, FDIFF_1, XXREAL_0, NAT_1, SEQM_3, FCONT_1, PDIFF_1; constructors REAL_1, SEQ_2, PARTFUN1, RFUNCT_2, COMPLEX1, RCOMP_1, FDIFF_1, SEQ_1, NAT_1, FCONT_1, PDIFF_1, BHSP_3, VFUNCT_1; registrations RELSET_1, XREAL_0, MEMBERED, FDIFF_1, FUNCT_2, NAT_1, NUMBERS, XBOOLE_0, XXREAL_0, FINSEQ_1, VALUED_0, VALUED_1; requirements SUBSET, REAL, BOOLE, NUMERALS, ARITHM; definitions TARSKI, EUCLID, RCOMP_1, PDIFF_1; theorems TARSKI, XBOOLE_0, XBOOLE_1, XREAL_1, RCOMP_1, SEQ_4, SEQ_1, SEQ_2, FINSEQ_1, FINSEQ_2, RFUNCT_2, RELAT_1, FUNCT_1, FUNCT_2, PARTFUN1, FDIFF_1, VALUED_1, SEQM_3, RFUNCT_1, XCMPLX_0, XCMPLX_1, PDIFF_1; schemes SEQ_1; begin :: Preliminaries reserve Z for set; reserve X,Y for Subset of REAL; reserve x,x0,x1,x2,y,y0,y1,y2,g,g1,g2,r,r1,s,p,p1,p2 for Real; reserve z,z0 for Element of REAL 2; reserve n,m,k for Element of NAT; reserve Z,Z1 for Subset of REAL 2; reserve s1,s3 for Real_Sequence; reserve f,f1,f2,g for PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; reserve R,R1,R2 for REST; reserve L,L1,L2 for LINEAR; theorem Th1: dom proj(1,2) = REAL 2 & rng proj(1,2) = REAL & for x,y be Element of REAL holds proj(1,2).<*x,y*> = x proof set f = proj(1,2); A3: for x be set st x in REAL ex z be set st z in REAL 2 & x = f.z proof let x be set; assume x in REAL; then reconsider x1 = x as Element of REAL; consider y be Element of REAL; reconsider z = <*x1,y*> as Element of REAL 2 by FINSEQ_2:121; f.z = z.1 by PDIFF_1:def 1; then f.z = x by FINSEQ_1:61; hence thesis; end; now let x,y be Element of REAL; <*x,y*> is Element of 2-tuples_on REAL by FINSEQ_2:121; then proj(1,2).<*x,y*> = <*x,y*>.1 by PDIFF_1:def 1; hence proj(1,2).<*x,y*> = x by FINSEQ_1:61; end; hence thesis by A3,FUNCT_2:def 1,FUNCT_2:16; end; theorem Th2: dom proj(2,2) = REAL 2 & rng proj(2,2) = REAL & for x,y be Element of REAL holds proj(2,2).<*x,y*> = y proof set f = proj(2,2); A3: for y be set st y in REAL ex z be set st z in REAL 2 & y = f.z proof let y be set; assume y in REAL; then reconsider y1 = y as Element of REAL; consider x be Element of REAL; reconsider z = <*x,y1*> as Element of REAL 2 by FINSEQ_2:121; f.z = z.2 by PDIFF_1:def 1; then f.z = y by FINSEQ_1:61; hence thesis; end; now let x,y be Element of REAL; <*x,y*> is Element of 2-tuples_on REAL by FINSEQ_2:121; then proj(2,2).<*x,y*> = <*x,y*>.2 by PDIFF_1:def 1; hence proj(2,2).<*x,y*> = y by FINSEQ_1:61; end; hence thesis by A3,FUNCT_2:def 1,FUNCT_2:16; end; begin :: Partial Differentiation of Real Binary Functions definition let f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; let z be Element of REAL 2; func SVF1(f,z) -> PartFunc of REAL,REAL equals f*reproj(1,z); coherence; func SVF2(f,z) -> PartFunc of REAL,REAL equals f*reproj(2,z); coherence; end; theorem Lem1: z = <*x,y*> & f is_partial_differentiable_in z,1 implies SVF1(f,z) is_differentiable_in x proof assume that A1: z = <*x,y*> and A2: f is_partial_differentiable_in z,1; proj(1,2).z = x by A1,Th1; hence SVF1(f,z) is_differentiable_in x by A2,PDIFF_1:def 11; end; theorem Lem2: z = <*x,y*> & f is_partial_differentiable_in z,2 implies SVF2(f,z) is_differentiable_in y proof assume that A1: z = <*x,y*> and A2: f is_partial_differentiable_in z,2; proj(2,2).z = y by A1,Th2; hence SVF2(f,z) is_differentiable_in y by A2,PDIFF_1:def 11; end; definition let f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; let z be Element of REAL 2; pred f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z means :Def6: ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & SVF1(f,z) is_differentiable_in x0; pred f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z means :Def7: ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & SVF2(f,z) is_differentiable_in y0; end; theorem z = <*x0,y0*> & f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z implies ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) proof assume that A1: z = <*x0,y0*> and A2: f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z; consider x1,y1 such that A3: z = <*x1,y1*> & SVF1(f,z) is_differentiable_in x1 by A2,Def6; SVF1(f,z) is_differentiable_in x0 by A1,A3,FINSEQ_1:98; hence ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by FDIFF_1:def 5; end; theorem z = <*x0,y0*> & f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z implies ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) proof assume that A1: z = <*x0,y0*> and A2: f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z; consider x1,y1 such that A3: z = <*x1,y1*> & SVF2(f,z) is_differentiable_in y1 by A2,Def7; SVF2(f,z) is_differentiable_in y0 by A1,A3,FINSEQ_1:98; hence ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by FDIFF_1:def 5; end; definition let f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; let z be Element of REAL 2; redefine pred f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z means :Def10: ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0); compatibility proof thus f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z implies (ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0)) proof assume A1:f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z; consider x0,y0 such that A2: z = <*x0,y0*> & SVF1(f,z) is_differentiable_in x0 by A1,Def6; ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A2,FDIFF_1:def 5; hence ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A2; end; assume (ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0)); then consider x0,y0 such that A4: z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0); consider N being Neighbourhood of x0 such that A5: N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A4; SVF1(f,z) is_differentiable_in x0 by A5,FDIFF_1:def 5; hence f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z by A4,Def6; end; end; definition let f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; let z be Element of REAL 2; redefine pred f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z means :Def11: ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0); compatibility proof thus f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z implies (ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0)) proof assume A1: f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z; consider x0,y0 such that A2: z = <*x0,y0*> & SVF2(f,z) is_differentiable_in y0 by A1,Def7; ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A2,FDIFF_1:def 5; hence ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A2; end; assume (ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0)); then consider x0,y0 such that A4: z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0); consider N being Neighbourhood of y0 such that A5: N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A4; SVF2(f,z) is_differentiable_in y0 by A5,FDIFF_1:def 5; hence f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z by A4,Def7; end; end; theorem Lem3: for f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL for z be Element of REAL 2 holds f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z iff f is_partial_differentiable_in z,1 proof let f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; let z be Element of REAL 2; thus f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z implies f is_partial_differentiable_in z,1 proof assume A0: f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A1: z = <*x0,y0*> & SVF1(f,z) is_differentiable_in x0 by A0,Def6; AA: proj(1,2).z = x0 by A1,Th1; thus f is_partial_differentiable_in z,1 by A1,AA,PDIFF_1:def 11; end; assume A2: f is_partial_differentiable_in z,1; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A3: z = <*x0,y0*> by FINSEQ_2:120; A4: proj(1,2).z = x0 by A3,Th1; SVF1(f,z) is_differentiable_in x0 by A2,A4,PDIFF_1:def 11; hence f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z by A3,Def6; end; theorem Lem4: for f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL for z be Element of REAL 2 holds f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z iff f is_partial_differentiable_in z,2 proof let f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; let z be Element of REAL 2; thus f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z implies f is_partial_differentiable_in z,2 proof assume A0: f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A1: z = <*x0,y0*> & SVF2(f,z) is_differentiable_in y0 by A0,Def7; AA: proj(2,2).z = y0 by A1,Th2; thus f is_partial_differentiable_in z,2 by A1,AA,PDIFF_1:def 11; end; assume A2: f is_partial_differentiable_in z,2; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A3: z = <*x0,y0*> by FINSEQ_2:120; A4: proj(2,2).z = y0 by A3,Th2; SVF2(f,z) is_differentiable_in y0 by A2,A4,PDIFF_1:def 11; hence f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z by A3,Def7; end; definition let f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; let z be Element of REAL 2; func partdiff1(f,z) -> Real equals partdiff(f,z,1); coherence; func partdiff2(f,z) -> Real equals partdiff(f,z,2); coherence; end; def12: z = <*x0,y0*> & f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z implies (r = diff(SVF1(f,z),x0) iff ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0)) proof set F1 = SVF1(f,z); assume that A1: z = <*x0,y0*> and A2: f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z; hereby assume AB: r = diff(F1,x0); AA: f is_partial_differentiable_in z,1 by A2,Lem3; F1 is_differentiable_in x0 by A1,AA,Lem1; then consider N being Neighbourhood of x0 such that A4: N c= dom F1 & ex L,R st r=L.1 & for x st x in N holds F1.x-F1.x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by FDIFF_1:def 6,AB; thus ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A1,A4; end; given x1,y1 being Real such that C1: z = <*x1,y1*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x1 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x1 = L.(x-x1) + R.(x-x1); D1:x1 = x0 by FINSEQ_1:98,C1,A1; f is_partial_differentiable_in z,1 by A2,Lem3; then F1 is_differentiable_in x0 by A1,Lem1; hence thesis by FDIFF_1:def 6,D1,C1; end; def13: z = <*x0,y0*> & f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z implies (r = diff(SVF2(f,z),y0) iff ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0)) proof set F1 = SVF2(f,z); assume that A1: z = <*x0,y0*> and A2: f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z; hereby assume AB: r = diff(F1,y0); AA: f is_partial_differentiable_in z,2 by A2,Lem4; F1 is_differentiable_in y0 by A1,AA,Lem2; then consider N being Neighbourhood of y0 such that A4: N c= dom F1 & ex L,R st r=L.1 & for y st y in N holds F1.y-F1.y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by FDIFF_1:def 6,AB; thus ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom F1 & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A1,A4; end; given x1,y1 being Real such that C1: z = <*x1,y1*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y1 st N c= dom F1 & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for y st y in N holds F1.y - F1.y1 = L.(y-y1) + R.(y-y1); D1:y1 = y0 by FINSEQ_1:98,C1,A1; f is_partial_differentiable_in z,2 by A2,Lem4; then F1 is_differentiable_in y0 by A1,Lem2; hence thesis by FDIFF_1:def 6,D1,C1; end; theorem Def12: z = <*x0,y0*> & f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z implies (r = partdiff1(f,z) iff ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0)) proof assume AA:z = <*x0,y0*> & f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z; hereby assume r = partdiff1(f,z); then r = diff(SVF1(f,z),x0) by Th1,AA; hence ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by def12,AA; end; given x1,y1 being Real such that C1: z = <*x1,y1*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x1 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x1 = L.(x-x1) + R.(x-x1); r = diff(SVF1(f,z),x0) by C1,AA,def12; hence thesis by Th1,AA; end; theorem Def13: z = <*x0,y0*> & f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z implies (r = partdiff2(f,z) iff ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0)) proof assume AA:z = <*x0,y0*> & f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z; hereby assume r = partdiff2(f,z); then r = diff(SVF2(f,z),y0) by Th2,AA; hence ex x0,y0 being Real st z = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by def13,AA; end; given x1,y1 being Real such that C1: z = <*x1,y1*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y1 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y1 = L.(y-y1) + R.(y-y1); r = diff(SVF2(f,z),y0) by C1,AA,def13; hence thesis by Th2,AA; end; theorem z = <*x0,y0*> & f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z implies partdiff1(f,z) = diff(SVF1(f,z),x0) proof set r = partdiff1(f,z); assume that A1: z = <*x0,y0*> and A2: f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z; consider x1,y1 being Real such that A3: z = <*x1,y1*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x1 st N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x1 = L.(x-x1) + R.(x-x1) by A1,A2,Def12; x0 = x1 & y0 = y1 by A1,A3,FINSEQ_1:98; then consider N being Neighbourhood of x0 such that A4: N c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A3; consider L,R such that A5: r = L.1 & for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A4; consider x2,y2 such that A6: z = <*x2,y2*> & SVF1(f,z) is_differentiable_in x2 by A2,Def6; consider N1 being Neighbourhood of x2 such that A7: N1 c= dom SVF1(f,z) & ex L,R st diff(SVF1(f,z),x2) = L.1 & for x st x in N1 holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x2 = L.(x-x2) + R.(x-x2) by A6,FDIFF_1:def 6; consider L1,R1 such that A8: diff(SVF1(f,z),x2) = L1.1 & for x st x in N1 holds SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x2 = L1.(x-x2) + R1.(x-x2) by A7; consider r1 such that A9: for p holds L.p = r1*p by FDIFF_1:def 4; consider p1 such that A10: for p holds L1.p = p1*p by FDIFF_1:def 4; A11: r = r1*1 by A5,A9; A12: diff(SVF1(f,z),x2) = p1*1 by A8,A10; A13: x0 = x2 & y0 = y2 by A1,A6,FINSEQ_1:98; A14: now let x; assume A15: x in N & x in N1; then SVF1(f,z).x - SVF1(f,z).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A5; then L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) = L1.(x-x0) + R1.(x-x0) by A8,A13,A15; then r1*(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) = L1.(x-x0) + R1.(x-x0) by A9; hence r*(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) = diff(SVF1(f,z),x2)*(x-x0) + R1.(x-x0) by A10,A11,A12; end; consider N0 be Neighbourhood of x0 such that A16: N0 c= N & N0 c= N1 by A13,RCOMP_1:38; consider g be real number such that A17: 0 < g & N0 = ].x0-g,x0+g.[ by RCOMP_1:def 7; deffunc F(Element of NAT) = g/($1+2); consider s1 such that A18: for n holds s1.n = F(n) from SEQ_1:sch 1; now let n; g/(n+2) <> 0 by A17,XREAL_1:141; hence s1.n <> 0 by A18; end; then A19: s1 is being_not_0 by SEQ_1:7; s1 is convergent & lim s1 = 0 by A18,SEQ_4:46; then reconsider h = s1 as convergent_to_0 Real_Sequence by A19,FDIFF_1:def 1; A20: for n ex x st x in N & x in N1 & h.n = x-x0 proof let n; A21: g/(n+2) > 0 by A17,XREAL_1:141; 0+1 < n+1+1 by XREAL_1:8; then g/(n+2) < g/1 by A17,XREAL_1:78;then A22: x0+g/(n+2) < x0+g by XREAL_1:8; -g <-0 by A17,XREAL_1:26; then -g < g/(n+2) by A17,A21;then AA: x0+-g < x0+g/(n+2) by A21,XREAL_1:8,A17; A23: x0+g/(n+2) in ].x0-g,x0+g.[ by A22,AA; take x = x0+g/(n+2); thus thesis by A16,A17,A18,A23; end; A24: now let n; ex x st x in N & x in N1 & h.n = x-x0 by A20;then A25: r*(h.n) + R.(h.n) = diff(SVF1(f,z),x2)*(h.n) + R1.(h.n) by A14; h is being_not_0 by FDIFF_1:def 1;then A26: h.n <> 0 by SEQ_1:7; A27: (r*(h.n))/(h.n) + (R.(h.n))/(h.n) = (diff(SVF1(f,z),x2)*(h.n) + R1.(h.n))/(h.n) by A25,XCMPLX_1:63; A28: (r*(h.n))/(h.n) = r*((h.n)/(h.n)) by XCMPLX_1:75 .= r*1 by A26,XCMPLX_1:60 .= r; (diff(SVF1(f,z),x2)*(h.n))/(h.n) = diff(SVF1(f,z),x2)*((h.n)/(h.n)) by XCMPLX_1:75 .= diff(SVF1(f,z),x2)*1 by A26,XCMPLX_1:60 .= diff(SVF1(f,z),x2);then A29: r + (R.(h.n))/(h.n) = diff(SVF1(f,z),x2) + (R1.(h.n))/(h.n) by A27,A28,XCMPLX_1:63; R is total by FDIFF_1:def 3; then dom R = REAL by PARTFUN1:def 4;then A30: rng h c= dom R; R1 is total by FDIFF_1:def 3; then dom R1 = REAL by PARTFUN1:def 4;then A31: rng h c= dom R1; A32: (R.(h.n))/(h.n) = (R.(h.n))*(h.n)" by XCMPLX_0:def 9 .= (R.(h.n))*(h".n) by VALUED_1:10 .= ((R*h).n)*(h".n) by A30,RFUNCT_2:21 .= ((h")(#)(R*h)).n by SEQ_1:12; (R1.(h.n))/(h.n) = (R1.(h.n))*(h.n)" by XCMPLX_0:def 9 .= (R1.(h.n))*(h".n) by VALUED_1:10 .= ((R1*h).n)*(h".n) by A31,RFUNCT_2:21 .= ((h")(#)(R1*h)).n by SEQ_1:12; then r = diff(SVF1(f,z),x2) + (((h")(#)(R1*h)).n - ((h")(#)(R*h)).n) by A29,A32; hence r - diff(SVF1(f,z),x2) = (((h")(#)(R1*h))-((h")(#)(R*h))).n by RFUNCT_2:6; end; then A33: ((h")(#)(R1*h))-((h")(#)(R*h)) is constant by SEQM_3:def 6; (((h")(#)(R1*h))-((h")(#)(R*h))).1 = r-diff(SVF1(f,z),x2) by A24;then A34: lim (((h")(#)(R1*h))-((h")(#)(R*h))) = r-diff(SVF1(f,z),x2) by A33,SEQ_4:40; A35: (h")(#)(R*h) is convergent & lim ((h")(#)(R*h)) = 0 by FDIFF_1:def 3; (h")(#)(R1*h) is convergent & lim ((h")(#)(R1*h)) = 0 by FDIFF_1:def 3; then r-diff(SVF1(f,z),x2) = 0-0 by A34,A35,SEQ_2:26; hence thesis by A1,A6,FINSEQ_1:98; end; theorem z = <*x0,y0*> & f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z implies partdiff2(f,z) = diff(SVF2(f,z),y0) proof set r = partdiff2(f,z); assume that A1: z = <*x0,y0*> and A2: f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z; consider x1,y1 being Real such that A3: z = <*x1,y1*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y1 st N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y1 = L.(y-y1) + R.(y-y1) by A1,A2,Def13; x0 = x1 & y0 = y1 by A1,A3,FINSEQ_1:98; then consider N being Neighbourhood of y0 such that A4: N c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st r = L.1 & for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A3; consider L,R such that A5: r = L.1 & for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A4; consider x2,y2 such that A6: z = <*x2,y2*> & SVF2(f,z) is_differentiable_in y2 by A2,Def7; consider N1 being Neighbourhood of y2 such that A7: N1 c= dom SVF2(f,z) & ex L,R st diff(SVF2(f,z),y2) = L.1 & for y st y in N1 holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y2 = L.(y-y2) + R.(y-y2) by A6,FDIFF_1:def 6; consider L1,R1 such that A8: diff(SVF2(f,z),y2) = L1.1 & for y st y in N1 holds SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y2 = L1.(y-y2) + R1.(y-y2) by A7; consider r1 such that A9: for p holds L.p = r1*p by FDIFF_1:def 4; consider p1 such that A10: for p holds L1.p = p1*p by FDIFF_1:def 4; A11: r = r1*1 by A5,A9; A12: diff(SVF2(f,z),y2) = p1*1 by A8,A10; A13: x0 = x2 & y0 = y2 by A1,A6,FINSEQ_1:98; A14: now let y; assume A15: y in N & y in N1; then SVF2(f,z).y - SVF2(f,z).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A5; then L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) = L1.(y-y0) + R1.(y-y0) by A8,A13,A15; then r1*(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) = L1.(y-y0) + R1.(y-y0) by A9; hence r*(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) = diff(SVF2(f,z),y2)*(y-y0) + R1.(y-y0) by A10,A11,A12; end; consider N0 be Neighbourhood of y0 such that A16: N0 c= N & N0 c= N1 by A13,RCOMP_1:38; consider g be real number such that A17: 0 < g & N0 = ].y0-g,y0+g.[ by RCOMP_1:def 7; deffunc F(Element of NAT) = g/($1+2); consider s1 such that A18: for n holds s1.n = F(n) from SEQ_1:sch 1; now let n; g/(n+2) <> 0 by A17,XREAL_1:141; hence s1.n <> 0 by A18; end; then A19: s1 is being_not_0 by SEQ_1:7; s1 is convergent & lim s1 = 0 by A18,SEQ_4:46; then reconsider h = s1 as convergent_to_0 Real_Sequence by A19,FDIFF_1:def 1; A20: for n ex y st y in N & y in N1 & h.n = y-y0 proof let n; A21: g/(n+2) > 0 by A17,XREAL_1:141; 0+1 < n+1+1 by XREAL_1:8; then g/(n+2) < g/1 by A17,XREAL_1:78;then A22: y0+g/(n+2) < y0+g by XREAL_1:8; -g<-0 by A17,XREAL_1:26;then AA: y0+-g < y0+g/(n+2) by A21,XREAL_1:8,A17; A23: y0+g/(n+2) in ].y0-g,y0+g.[ by A22,AA; take y = y0+g/(n+2); thus thesis by A16,A17,A18,A23; end; A24: now let n; ex y st y in N & y in N1 & h.n = y-y0 by A20;then A25: r*(h.n) + R.(h.n) = diff(SVF2(f,z),y2)*(h.n) + R1.(h.n) by A14; h is being_not_0 by FDIFF_1:def 1;then A26: h.n <> 0 by SEQ_1:7; A27: (r*(h.n))/(h.n) + (R.(h.n))/(h.n) = (diff(SVF2(f,z),y2)*(h.n) + R1.(h.n))/(h.n) by A25,XCMPLX_1:63; A28: (r*(h.n))/(h.n) = r*((h.n)/(h.n)) by XCMPLX_1:75 .= r*1 by A26,XCMPLX_1:60 .= r; (diff(SVF2(f,z),y2)*(h.n))/(h.n) = diff(SVF2(f,z),y2)*((h.n)/(h.n)) by XCMPLX_1:75 .= diff(SVF2(f,z),y2)*1 by A26,XCMPLX_1:60 .= diff(SVF2(f,z),y2);then A29: r + (R.(h.n))/(h.n) = diff(SVF2(f,z),y2) + (R1.(h.n))/(h.n) by A27,A28,XCMPLX_1:63; R is total by FDIFF_1:def 3; then dom R = REAL by PARTFUN1:def 4;then A30: rng h c= dom R; R1 is total by FDIFF_1:def 3; then dom R1 = REAL by PARTFUN1:def 4;then A31: rng h c= dom R1; A32: (R.(h.n))/(h.n) = (R.(h.n))*(h.n)" by XCMPLX_0:def 9 .= (R.(h.n))*(h".n) by VALUED_1:10 .= ((R*h).n)*(h".n) by A30,RFUNCT_2:21 .= ((h")(#)(R*h)).n by SEQ_1:12; (R1.(h.n))/(h.n) = (R1.(h.n))*(h.n)" by XCMPLX_0:def 9 .= (R1.(h.n))*(h".n) by VALUED_1:10 .= ((R1*h).n)*(h".n) by A31,RFUNCT_2:21 .= ((h")(#)(R1*h)).n by SEQ_1:12; then r = diff(SVF2(f,z),y2) + (((h")(#)(R1*h)).n - ((h")(#)(R*h)).n) by A29,A32; hence r - diff(SVF2(f,z),y2) = (((h")(#)(R1*h))-((h")(#)(R*h))).n by RFUNCT_2:6; end; then A33: ((h")(#)(R1*h))-((h")(#)(R*h)) is constant by SEQM_3:def 6; (((h")(#)(R1*h))-((h")(#)(R*h))).1 = r-diff(SVF2(f,z),y2) by A24;then A34: lim (((h")(#)(R1*h))-((h")(#)(R*h))) = r-diff(SVF2(f,z),y2) by A33,SEQ_4:40; A35: (h")(#)(R*h) is convergent & lim ((h")(#)(R*h)) = 0 by FDIFF_1:def 3; (h")(#)(R1*h) is convergent & lim ((h")(#)(R1*h)) = 0 by FDIFF_1:def 3; then r-diff(SVF2(f,z),y2) = 0-0 by A34,A35,SEQ_2:26; hence partdiff2(f,z) = diff(SVF2(f,z),y0) by A1,A6,FINSEQ_1:98; end; definition let f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; let Z be set; pred f is_partial_differentiable`1_on Z means :Def16: Z c= dom f & for z be Element of REAL 2 st z in Z holds f|Z is_partial_differentiable`1_in z; pred f is_partial_differentiable`2_on Z means :Def17: Z c= dom f & for z be Element of REAL 2 st z in Z holds f|Z is_partial_differentiable`2_in z; end; theorem f is_partial_differentiable`1_on Z implies Z c= dom f & for z st z in Z holds f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z proof assume A1: f is_partial_differentiable`1_on Z; hence Z c= dom f by Def16; set g = f|Z; let z0 be Element of REAL 2; assume z0 in Z;then A2: g is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 by A1,Def16; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A3: z0 = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(g,z0) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(g,z0).x - SVF1(g,z0).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A2,Def10; consider N being Neighbourhood of x0 such that A4: N c= dom SVF1(g,z0) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(g,z0).x - SVF1(g,z0).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A3; for x be Real st x in dom SVF1(g,z0) holds x in dom SVF1(f,z0) proof let x; assume A6: x in dom SVF1(g,z0); A7: x in dom reproj(1,z0) & reproj(1,z0).x in dom (f|Z) by A6,FUNCT_1:21; dom (f|Z) = dom f /\ Z by RELAT_1:90;then A8: dom (f|Z) c= dom f by XBOOLE_1:17; thus x in dom SVF1(f,z0) by A7,A8,FUNCT_1:21; end; then for x be set st x in dom SVF1(g,z0) holds x in dom SVF1(f,z0); then dom SVF1(g,z0) c= dom SVF1(f,z0) by TARSKI:def 3;then A8: N c= dom SVF1(f,z0) by A4,XBOOLE_1:1; consider L,R such that A9: for x st x in N holds SVF1(g,z0).x - SVF1(g,z0).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A4; for x st x in N holds SVF1(f,z0).x - SVF1(f,z0).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) proof let x; assume A10: x in N; A12: for x st x in dom (SVF1(g,z0)) holds SVF1(g,z0).x = SVF1(f,z0).x proof let x; assume A13: x in dom (SVF1(g,z0)); A14: x in dom reproj(1,z0) & reproj(1,z0).x in dom (f|Z) by A13,FUNCT_1:21; SVF1(g,z0).x = (f|Z).(reproj(1,z0).x) by A13,FUNCT_1:22 .= f.(reproj(1,z0).x) by A14,FUNCT_1:70 .= SVF1(f,z0).x by A14,FUNCT_1:23; hence thesis; end; A16: x0 in N by RCOMP_1:37; L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) = SVF1(g,z0).x - SVF1(g,z0).x0 by A9,A10 .= SVF1(f,z0).x - SVF1(g,z0).x0 by A4,A10,A12 .= SVF1(f,z0).x - SVF1(f,z0).x0 by A4,A12,A16; hence thesis; end; hence f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 by A3,A8,Def10; end; theorem f is_partial_differentiable`2_on Z implies Z c= dom f & for z st z in Z holds f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z proof assume A1: f is_partial_differentiable`2_on Z; hence Z c= dom f by Def17; set g = f|Z; let z0 be Element of REAL 2; assume z0 in Z;then A2: g is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 by A1,Def17; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A3: z0 = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(g,z0) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(g,z0).y - SVF2(g,z0).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A2,Def11; consider N being Neighbourhood of y0 such that A4: N c= dom SVF2(g,z0) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(g,z0).y - SVF2(g,z0).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A3; for y be Real st y in dom (SVF2(g,z0)) holds y in dom (SVF2(f,z0)) proof let y; assume A6: y in dom (SVF2(g,z0)); A7: y in dom reproj(2,z0) & reproj(2,z0).y in dom (f|Z) by A6,FUNCT_1:21; dom (f|Z) = dom f /\ Z by RELAT_1:90;then dom (f|Z) c= dom f by XBOOLE_1:17; hence y in dom (SVF2(f,z0)) by A7,FUNCT_1:21; end; then for y be set st y in dom (SVF2(g,z0)) holds y in dom (SVF2(f,z0)); then dom (SVF2(g,z0)) c= dom (SVF2(f,z0)) by TARSKI:def 3;then A8: N c= dom (SVF2(f,z0)) by A4,XBOOLE_1:1; consider L,R such that A9: for y st y in N holds SVF2(g,z0).y - SVF2(g,z0).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A4; for y st y in N holds SVF2(f,z0).y - SVF2(f,z0).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) proof let y; assume A10: y in N; A12: for y st y in dom SVF2(g,z0) holds SVF2(g,z0).y = SVF2(f,z0).y proof let y; assume A13: y in dom (SVF2(g,z0)); A14: y in dom reproj(2,z0) & reproj(2,z0).y in dom (f|Z) by A13,FUNCT_1:21; SVF2(g,z0).y = (f|Z).(reproj(2,z0).y) by A13,FUNCT_1:22 .= f.(reproj(2,z0).y) by A14,FUNCT_1:70 .= SVF2(f,z0).y by A14,FUNCT_1:23; hence thesis; end; A16: y0 in N by RCOMP_1:37; L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) = SVF2(g,z0).y - SVF2(g,z0).y0 by A9,A10 .= SVF2(f,z0).y - SVF2(g,z0).y0 by A4,A10,A12 .= SVF2(f,z0).y - SVF2(f,z0).y0 by A4,A12,A16; hence thesis; end; hence f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 by A3,A8,Def11; end; definition let f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; let Z be set; assume A1: f is_partial_differentiable`1_on Z; func f`partial1|Z -> PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL means dom it = Z & for z be Element of REAL 2 st z in Z holds it.z = partdiff1(f,z); existence proof defpred P[Element of REAL 2] means $1 in Z; deffunc F(Element of REAL 2) = partdiff1(f,$1); consider F being PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL such that A2: (for z be Element of REAL 2 holds z in dom F iff P[z]) & for z be Element of REAL 2 st z in dom F holds F.z = F(z) from SEQ_1:sch 3; take F; for y be set st y in dom F holds y in Z by A2;then A3: dom F c= Z by TARSKI:def 3; now let y be set such that A4: y in Z; Z c= dom f by A1,Def16; then Z is Subset of REAL 2 by XBOOLE_1:1; hence y in dom F by A2,A4; end; then Z c= dom F by TARSKI:def 3; hence dom F = Z by A3,XBOOLE_0:def 10; let z be Element of REAL 2; assume z in Z; then z in dom F by A2; hence F.z = partdiff1(f,z) by A2; end; uniqueness proof let F,G be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; assume that A6: dom F = Z & for z be Element of REAL 2 st z in Z holds F.z = partdiff1(f,z) and A7: dom G = Z & for z be Element of REAL 2 st z in Z holds G.z = partdiff1(f,z); now let z be Element of REAL 2; assume A8: z in dom F; then F.z = partdiff1(f,z) by A6; hence F.z = G.z by A6,A7,A8; end; hence thesis by A6,A7,PARTFUN1:34; end; end; definition let f be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; let Z be set; assume A1: f is_partial_differentiable`2_on Z; func f`partial2|Z -> PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL means dom it = Z & for z be Element of REAL 2 st z in Z holds it.z = partdiff2(f,z); existence proof defpred P[Element of REAL 2] means $1 in Z; deffunc F(Element of REAL 2) = partdiff2(f,$1); consider F being PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL such that A2: (for z be Element of REAL 2 holds z in dom F iff P[z]) & for z be Element of REAL 2 st z in dom F holds F.z = F(z) from SEQ_1:sch 3; take F; for y be set st y in dom F holds y in Z by A2;then A3: dom F c= Z by TARSKI:def 3; now let y be set such that A4: y in Z; Z c= dom f by A1,Def17; then Z is Subset of REAL 2 by XBOOLE_1:1; hence y in dom F by A2,A4; end; then Z c= dom F by TARSKI:def 3; hence dom F = Z by A3,XBOOLE_0:def 10; let z be Element of REAL 2; assume z in Z; then z in dom F by A2; hence F.z = partdiff2(f,z) by A2; end; uniqueness proof let F,G be PartFunc of REAL 2,REAL; assume that A6: dom F = Z & for z be Element of REAL 2 st z in Z holds F.z = partdiff2(f,z) and A7: dom G = Z & for z be Element of REAL 2 st z in Z holds G.z = partdiff2(f,z); now let z be Element of REAL 2; assume A8: z in dom F; then F.z = partdiff2(f,z) by A6; hence F.z = G.z by A6,A7,A8; end; hence thesis by A6,A7,PARTFUN1:34; end; end; begin :: Main Properties of Partial Differentiation of Real Binary Functions theorem for z0 being Element of REAL 2 for N being Neighbourhood of proj(1,2).z0 st f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 & N c= dom SVF1(f,z0) holds for h be convergent_to_0 Real_Sequence, c be constant Real_Sequence st rng c = {proj(1,2).z0} & rng (h+c) c= N holds h"(#)(SVF1(f,z0)*(h+c) - SVF1(f,z0)*c) is convergent & partdiff1(f,z0) = lim (h"(#)(SVF1(f,z0)*(h+c) - SVF1(f,z0)*c)) proof let z0 be Element of REAL 2; let N be Neighbourhood of proj(1,2).z0; assume A1: f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 & N c= dom SVF1(f,z0); let h be convergent_to_0 Real_Sequence, c be constant Real_Sequence such that A2: rng c = {proj(1,2).z0} & rng (h+c) c= N; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A4: z0 = <*x0,y0*> & ex N1 being Neighbourhood of x0 st N1 c= dom SVF1(f,z0) & ex L,R st for x st x in N1 holds SVF1(f,z0).x - SVF1(f,z0).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A1,Def10; consider N1 be Neighbourhood of x0 such that A5: N1 c= dom SVF1(f,z0) & ex L,R st for x st x in N1 holds SVF1(f,z0).x - SVF1(f,z0).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A4; consider L,R such that A6: for x st x in N1 holds SVF1(f,z0).x - SVF1(f,z0).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A5; A7: proj(1,2).z0 = x0 by A4,Th1; consider N2 be Neighbourhood of x0 such that A8: N2 c= N & N2 c= N1 by A7,RCOMP_1:38; consider g be real number such that A9: 0 < g & N2 = ].x0-g,x0+g.[ by RCOMP_1:def 7; A10: x0 in N2 proof A11: x0 + 0 < x0 + g by A9,XREAL_1:10; x0 - g < x0 - 0 by A9,XREAL_1:46; hence thesis by A9,A11; end; ex n st rng (c^\n) c= N2 & rng ((h+c)^\n) c= N2 proof A12: c is convergent by SEQ_4:39; x0 in rng c by A2,A7,TARSKI:def 1;then A13: lim c = x0 by SEQ_4:40; A14: h is convergent & lim h = 0 by FDIFF_1:def 1;then A15: lim (h+c) = 0+x0 by A12,A13,SEQ_2:20 .= x0; h + c is convergent by A12,A14,SEQ_2:19; then consider n such that A16: for m being Element of NAT st n <= m holds abs((h+c).m-x0) < g by A9,A15,SEQ_2:def 7; c^\n is subsequence of c by SEQM_3:47;then A17: rng (c^\n) = {x0} by A2,A7,SEQM_3:55; take n; thus rng (c^\n) c= N2 proof let y be set; assume y in rng (c^\n); hence y in N2 by A10,A17,TARSKI:def 1; end; let y be set; assume y in rng ((h+c)^\n); then consider m such that A18: y = ((h+c)^\n).m by RFUNCT_2:9; n + 0 <= n+m by XREAL_1:9; then abs((h+c).(n+m)-x0) 0 by SEQ_1:7; thus ((L*(h^\n) + R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m = ((L*(h^\n) + R*(h^\n)).m)*((h^\n)").m by SEQ_1:12 .= ((L*(h^\n)).m + (R*(h^\n)).m) * ((h^\n)").m by SEQ_1:11 .= ((L*(h^\n)).m)*((h^\n)").m + ((R*(h^\n)).m)*((h^\n)").m .= ((L*(h^\n)).m)*((h^\n)").m + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m by SEQ_1:12 .= ((L*(h^\n)).m)*((h^\n).m)" + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m by VALUED_1:10 .= (L.((h^\n).m))*((h^\n).m)" + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m by A30,RFUNCT_2:30 .= (s*((h^\n).m))*((h^\n).m)" + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m by A35 .= s*(((h^\n).m)*((h^\n).m)") + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m .= s*1 + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m by A37,XCMPLX_0:def 7 .= s1.m by A34,A36; end; then A38: (L*(h^\n) + R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)" = s1 by FUNCT_2:113; A39: now let r be real number such that A40: 0 < r; ((h^\n)")(#)(R*(h^\n)) is convergent & lim (((h^\n)")(#)(R*(h^\n))) = 0 by FDIFF_1:def 3; then consider m such that A41: for k st m <= k holds abs((((h^\n)")(#)(R*(h^\n))).k-0) < r by A40,SEQ_2:def 7; take n1 = m; let k such that A42: n1 <= k; abs(s1.k-L.1) = abs(L.1+((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").k-L.1 ) by A34 .= abs((((h^\n)")(#)(R*(h^\n))).k-0); hence abs(s1.k-L.1) < r by A41,A42; end; hence (L*(h^\n)+R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)" is convergent by A38,SEQ_2:def 6; hence thesis by A38,A39,SEQ_2:def 7; end; A43: N2 c= dom SVF1(f,z0) by A1,A8,XBOOLE_1:1; A44: ((L*(h^\n)+R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)") = ((((SVF1(f,z0)*(h+c))^\n)-SVF1(f,z0)*(c^\n))(#)(h^\n)") by A24,A32,RFUNCT_2:22 .= ((((SVF1(f,z0)*(h+c))^\n)-((SVF1(f,z0)*c)^\n))(#)(h^\n)") by A23,RFUNCT_2:22 .= ((((SVF1(f,z0)*(h+c))-(SVF1(f,z0)*c))^\n)(#)(h^\n)") by SEQM_3:39 .= ((((SVF1(f,z0)*(h+c))-(SVF1(f,z0)*c))^\n)(#)((h")^\n)) by SEQM_3:41 .= ((((SVF1(f,z0)*(h+c))-(SVF1(f,z0)*c))(#) h")^\n) by SEQM_3:42;then A45: L.1 = lim ((h")(#)((SVF1(f,z0)*(h+c))-(SVF1(f,z0)*c))) by A33,SEQ_4:36; thus h"(#)(SVF1(f,z0)*(h+c)-SVF1(f,z0)*c) is convergent by A33,A44,SEQ_4:35; thus partdiff1(f,z0) = lim (h"(#)(SVF1(f,z0)*(h+c)-SVF1(f,z0)*c)) by A1,A4,A25,A43,A45,Def12; end; theorem for z0 being Element of REAL 2 for N being Neighbourhood of proj(2,2).z0 st f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 & N c= dom SVF2(f,z0) holds for h be convergent_to_0 Real_Sequence, c be constant Real_Sequence st rng c = {proj(2,2).z0} & rng (h+c) c= N holds h"(#)(SVF2(f,z0)*(h+c) - SVF2(f,z0)*c) is convergent & partdiff2(f,z0) = lim (h"(#)(SVF2(f,z0)*(h+c) - SVF2(f,z0)*c)) proof let z0 be Element of REAL 2; let N be Neighbourhood of proj(2,2).z0; assume A1: f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 & N c= dom SVF2(f,z0); let h be convergent_to_0 Real_Sequence, c be constant Real_Sequence such that A2: rng c = {proj(2,2).z0} & rng (h+c) c= N; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A4: z0 = <*x0,y0*> & ex N1 being Neighbourhood of y0 st N1 c= dom SVF2(f,z0) & ex L,R st for y st y in N1 holds SVF2(f,z0).y - SVF2(f,z0).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A1,Def11; consider N1 be Neighbourhood of y0 such that A5: N1 c= dom SVF2(f,z0) & ex L,R st for y st y in N1 holds SVF2(f,z0).y - SVF2(f,z0).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A4; consider L,R such that A6: for y st y in N1 holds SVF2(f,z0).y - SVF2(f,z0).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A5; A7: proj(2,2).z0 = y0 by A4,Th2; consider N2 be Neighbourhood of y0 such that A8: N2 c= N & N2 c= N1 by A7,RCOMP_1:38; consider g be real number such that A9: 0 < g & N2 = ].y0-g,y0+g.[ by RCOMP_1:def 7; A10: y0 in N2 proof A11: y0 + 0 < y0 + g by A9,XREAL_1:10; AA: y0 - g < y0 - 0 by A9,XREAL_1:46; thus thesis by A9,A11,AA; end; ex n st rng (c^\n) c= N2 & rng ((h+c)^\n) c= N2 proof A12: c is convergent by SEQ_4:39; y0 in rng c by A2,A7,TARSKI:def 1;then A13: lim c = y0 by SEQ_4:40; A14: h is convergent & lim h = 0 by FDIFF_1:def 1;then A15: lim (h+c) = 0+y0 by A12,A13,SEQ_2:20 .= y0; h + c is convergent by A12,A14,SEQ_2:19; then consider n such that A16: for m being Element of NAT st n <= m holds abs((h+c).m-y0) < g by A9,A15,SEQ_2:def 7; c^\n is subsequence of c by SEQM_3:47;then A17: rng (c^\n) = {y0} by A2,A7,SEQM_3:55; take n; thus rng (c^\n) c= N2 proof let y be set; assume y in rng (c^\n); hence y in N2 by A10,A17,TARSKI:def 1; end; let y be set; assume y in rng ((h+c)^\n); then consider m such that A18: y = ((h+c)^\n).m by RFUNCT_2:9; n + 0 <= n+m by XREAL_1:9; then abs((h+c).(n+m)-y0) 0 by SEQ_1:7; thus ((L*(h^\n) + R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m = ((L*(h^\n) + R*(h^\n)).m)*((h^\n)").m by SEQ_1:12 .= ((L*(h^\n)).m + (R*(h^\n)).m) * ((h^\n)").m by SEQ_1:11 .= ((L*(h^\n)).m)*((h^\n)").m + ((R*(h^\n)).m)*((h^\n)").m .= ((L*(h^\n)).m)*((h^\n)").m + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m by SEQ_1:12 .= ((L*(h^\n)).m)*((h^\n).m)" + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m by VALUED_1:10 .= (L.((h^\n).m))*((h^\n).m)" + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m by A30,RFUNCT_2:30 .= (s*((h^\n).m))*((h^\n).m)" + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m by A35 .= s*(((h^\n).m)*((h^\n).m)") + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m .= s*1 + ((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").m by A37,XCMPLX_0:def 7 .= s1.m by A34,A36; end; then A38: (L*(h^\n) + R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)" = s1 by FUNCT_2:113; A39: now let r be real number such that A40: 0 < r; ((h^\n)")(#)(R*(h^\n)) is convergent & lim (((h^\n)")(#)(R*(h^\n))) = 0 by FDIFF_1:def 3; then consider m such that A41: for k st m <= k holds abs((((h^\n)")(#)(R*(h^\n))).k-0) < r by A40,SEQ_2:def 7; take n1 = m; let k such that A42: n1 <= k; abs(s1.k-L.1) = abs(L.1+((R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)").k-L.1 ) by A34 .= abs((((h^\n)")(#)(R*(h^\n))).k-0); hence abs(s1.k-L.1) < r by A41,A42; end; hence (L*(h^\n)+R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)" is convergent by A38,SEQ_2:def 6; hence thesis by A38,A39,SEQ_2:def 7; end; A43: N2 c= dom SVF2(f,z0) by A1,A8,XBOOLE_1:1; A44: ((L*(h^\n)+R*(h^\n))(#)(h^\n)") = ((((SVF2(f,z0)*(h+c))^\n)-SVF2(f,z0)*(c^\n))(#)(h^\n)") by A24,A32,RFUNCT_2:22 .= ((((SVF2(f,z0)*(h+c))^\n)-((SVF2(f,z0)*c)^\n))(#)(h^\n)") by A23,RFUNCT_2:22 .= ((((SVF2(f,z0)*(h+c))-(SVF2(f,z0)*c))^\n)(#)(h^\n)") by SEQM_3:39 .= ((((SVF2(f,z0)*(h+c))-(SVF2(f,z0)*c))^\n)(#)((h")^\n)) by SEQM_3:41 .= ((((SVF2(f,z0)*(h+c))-(SVF2(f,z0)*c))(#) h")^\n) by SEQM_3:42;then A45: L.1 = lim ((h")(#)((SVF2(f,z0)*(h+c))-(SVF2(f,z0)*c))) by A33,SEQ_4:36; thus h"(#)(SVF2(f,z0)*(h+c)-SVF2(f,z0)*c) is convergent by A33,A44,SEQ_4:35; thus partdiff2(f,z0) = lim (h"(#)(SVF2(f,z0)*(h+c)-SVF2(f,z0)*c)) by A1,A4,A25,A43,A45,Def13; end; theorem f1 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 & f2 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 implies f1+f2 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 & partdiff1(f1+f2,z0) = partdiff1(f1,z0) + partdiff1(f2,z0) proof assume that A1: f1 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 and A2: f2 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0; f1 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,1 & f2 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,1 by Lem3,A1,A2; then f1+f2 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,1 & partdiff(f1+f2,z0,1)=partdiff(f1,z0,1)+partdiff(f2,z0,1) by PDIFF_1:29; hence thesis by Lem3; end; theorem f1 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 & f2 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 implies f1+f2 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 & partdiff2(f1+f2,z0) = partdiff2(f1,z0) + partdiff2(f2,z0) proof assume that A1: f1 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 and A2: f2 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0; f1 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,2 & f2 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,2 by Lem4,A1,A2; then f1+f2 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,2 & partdiff(f1+f2,z0,2)=partdiff(f1,z0,2)+partdiff(f2,z0,2) by PDIFF_1:29; hence thesis by Lem4; end; theorem f1 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 & f2 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 implies f1-f2 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 & partdiff1(f1-f2,z0) = partdiff1(f1,z0) - partdiff1(f2,z0) proof assume that A1: f1 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 and A2: f2 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0; f1 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,1 & f2 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,1 by Lem3,A1,A2; then f1-f2 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,1 & partdiff(f1-f2,z0,1)=partdiff(f1,z0,1)-partdiff(f2,z0,1) by PDIFF_1:31; hence thesis by Lem3; end; theorem f1 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 & f2 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 implies f1-f2 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 & partdiff2(f1-f2,z0) = partdiff2(f1,z0) - partdiff2(f2,z0) proof assume that A1: f1 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 and A2: f2 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0; f1 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,2 & f2 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,2 by Lem4,A1,A2; then f1-f2 is_partial_differentiable_in z0,2 & partdiff(f1-f2,z0,2)=partdiff(f1,z0,2)-partdiff(f2,z0,2) by PDIFF_1:31; hence thesis by Lem4; end; theorem f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 implies r(#)f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 & partdiff1((r(#)f),z0) = r*partdiff1(f,z0) proof assume A1: f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0; then f is_partial_differentiable_in z0,1 by Lem3; then r(#)f is_partial_differentiable_in z0,1 & partdiff(r(#)f,z0,1) = r*partdiff(f,z0,1) by PDIFF_1:33; hence thesis by Lem3; end; theorem f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 implies r(#)f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 & partdiff2((r(#)f),z0) = r*partdiff2(f,z0) proof assume A1: f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0; then f is_partial_differentiable_in z0,2 by Lem4; then r(#)f is_partial_differentiable_in z0,2 & partdiff(r(#)f,z0,2) = r*partdiff(f,z0,2) by PDIFF_1:33; hence thesis by Lem4; end; theorem f1 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 & f2 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 implies f1(#)f2 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 proof assume that A1: f1 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 and A2: f2 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A3: z0 = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x0 st N c= dom SVF1(f1,z0) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(f1,z0).x - SVF1(f1,z0).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A1,Def10; consider N1 be Neighbourhood of x0 such that A4: N1 c= dom SVF1(f1,z0) & ex L,R st for x st x in N1 holds SVF1(f1,z0).x - SVF1(f1,z0).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A3; consider L1,R1 such that A5: for x st x in N1 holds SVF1(f1,z0).x - SVF1(f1,z0).x0 = L1.(x-x0) + R1.(x-x0) by A4; consider x1,y1 being Real such that A6: z0 = <*x1,y1*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of x1 st N c= dom SVF1(f2,z0) & ex L,R st for x st x in N holds SVF1(f2,z0).x - SVF1(f2,z0).x1 = L.(x-x1) + R.(x-x1) by A2,Def10; A7: x0 = x1 & y0 = y1 by A3,A6,FINSEQ_1:98; consider N2 be Neighbourhood of x0 such that A8: N2 c= dom SVF1(f2,z0) & ex L,R st for x st x in N2 holds SVF1(f2,z0).x - SVF1(f2,z0).x0 = L.(x-x0) + R.(x-x0) by A6,A7; consider L2,R2 such that A9: for x st x in N2 holds SVF1(f2,z0).x - SVF1(f2,z0).x0 = L2.(x-x0) + R2.(x-x0) by A8; consider N be Neighbourhood of x0 such that A10: N c= N1 & N c= N2 by RCOMP_1:38; reconsider L11=(SVF1(f2,z0).x0)(#)L1, L12=(SVF1(f1,z0).x0)(#)L2 as LINEAR by FDIFF_1:7; A11: L11 is total & L12 is total & L1 is total & L2 is total by FDIFF_1:def 4; reconsider L=L11+L12 as LINEAR by FDIFF_1:6; reconsider R11=(SVF1(f2,z0).x0)(#)R1 as REST by FDIFF_1:9; reconsider R12=(SVF1(f1,z0).x0)(#)R2 as REST by FDIFF_1:9; reconsider R13=R11+R12 as REST by FDIFF_1:8; reconsider R14=L1(#)L2 as REST by FDIFF_1:10; reconsider R15=R13+R14 as REST by FDIFF_1:8; reconsider R16=R1(#)L2, R18=R2(#)L1 as REST by FDIFF_1:11; reconsider R17=R1(#)R2 as REST by FDIFF_1:8; reconsider R19=R16+R17 as REST by FDIFF_1:8; reconsider R20=R19+R18 as REST by FDIFF_1:8; reconsider R=R15+R20 as REST by FDIFF_1:8; A12: R1 is total & R2 is total & R11 is total & R12 is total & R13 is total & R14 is total & R15 is total & R16 is total & R17 is total & R18 is total & R19 is total & R20 is total by FDIFF_1:def 3; A13: N c= dom SVF1(f1,z0) by A4,A10,XBOOLE_1:1; A14: N c= dom SVF1(f2,z0) by A8,A10,XBOOLE_1:1; AB: for y being Real st y in N holds y in dom SVF1(f1(#)f2,z0) proof let y; assume A15: y in N; A16: y in dom reproj(1,z0) & reproj(1,z0).y in dom f1 by A13,A15,FUNCT_1:21; y in dom reproj(1,z0) & reproj(1,z0).y in dom f2 by A14,A15,FUNCT_1:21; then y in dom reproj(1,z0) & reproj(1,z0).y in dom f1 /\ dom f2 by A16,XBOOLE_0:def 3;then AA: y in dom reproj(1,z0) & reproj(1,z0).y in dom (f1(#)f2) by VALUED_1:def 4; thus y in dom SVF1(f1(#)f2,z0) by AA,FUNCT_1:21; end; then for y be set st y in N holds y in dom SVF1(f1(#)f2,z0);then A17: N c= dom SVF1(f1(#)f2,z0) by TARSKI:def 3; A18: now let x; assume A19: x in N;then A20: SVF1(f1,z0).x - SVF1(f1,z0).x0 + SVF1(f1,z0).x0 = L1.(x-x0) + R1.(x-x0) + SVF1(f1,z0).x0 by A5,A10; x in dom ((f1(#)f2)*reproj(1,z0)) by AB,A19;then A21: x in dom reproj(1,z0) & reproj(1,z0).x in dom (f1(#)f2) by FUNCT_1:21; then reproj(1,z0).x in dom f1 /\ dom f2 by VALUED_1:def 4; then reproj(1,z0).x in dom f1 & reproj(1,z0).x in dom f2 by XBOOLE_0:def 3;then A22: x in dom (f1*reproj(1,z0)) & x in dom (f2*reproj(1,z0)) by A21,FUNCT_1:21; A23: x0 in N by RCOMP_1:37; x0 in dom ((f1(#)f2)*reproj(1,z0)) by AB,RCOMP_1:37;then A24: x0 in dom reproj(1,z0) & reproj(1,z0).x0 in dom (f1(#)f2) by FUNCT_1:21; then reproj(1,z0).x0 in dom f1 /\ dom f2 by VALUED_1:def 4; then reproj(1,z0).x0 in dom f1 & reproj(1,z0).x0 in dom f2 by XBOOLE_0:def 3;then A25: x0 in dom (f1*reproj(1,z0)) & x0 in dom (f2*reproj(1,z0)) by A24,FUNCT_1:21; thus SVF1(f1(#)f2,z0).x - SVF1(f1(#)f2,z0).x0 = (f1(#)f2).(reproj(1,z0).x) - SVF1(f1(#)f2,z0).x0 by A17,A19,FUNCT_1:22 .= (f1.(reproj(1,z0).x))*(f2.(reproj(1,z0).x)) - SVF1(f1(#)f2,z0).x0 by VALUED_1:5 .= (SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(f2.(reproj(1,z0).x)) - SVF1(f1(#)f2,z0).x0 by A22,FUNCT_1:22 .= (SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x) - ((f1(#)f2)*reproj(1,z0)).x0 by A22,FUNCT_1:22 .= (SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x) - (f1(#)f2).(reproj(1,z0).x0) by A17,A23,FUNCT_1:22 .= (SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x) - (f1.(reproj(1,z0).x0))*(f2.(reproj(1,z0).x0)) by VALUED_1:5 .= (SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x) - (SVF1(f1,z0).x0)*(f2.(reproj(1,z0).x0)) by A25,FUNCT_1:22 .= (SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x)+-(SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x0)+ (SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x0)-(SVF1(f1,z0).x0)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x0) by A25,FUNCT_1:22 .= (SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x-SVF1(f2,z0).x0)+ (SVF1(f1,z0).x-SVF1(f1,z0).x0)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x0) .= (SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x-SVF1(f2,z0).x0)+ (L1.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0))*(SVF1(f2,z0).x0) by A5,A10,A19 .= (SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x-SVF1(f2,z0).x0)+ ((SVF1(f2,z0).x0)*L1.(x-x0)+(SVF1(f2,z0).x0)*R1.(x-x0)) .= (SVF1(f1,z0).x)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x-SVF1(f2,z0).x0)+ (L11.(x-x0)+(SVF1(f2,z0).x0)*R1.(x-x0)) by A11,RFUNCT_1:73 .= (L1.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0)+SVF1(f1,z0).x0)*(SVF1(f2,z0).x-SVF1(f2,z0).x0)+ (L11.(x-x0)+R11.(x-x0)) by A12,A20,RFUNCT_1:73 .= (L1.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0)+SVF1(f1,z0).x0)*(L2.(x-x0)+R2.(x-x0))+ (L11.(x-x0)+R11.(x-x0)) by A9,A10,A19 .= (L1.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0))*(L2.(x-x0)+R2.(x-x0))+ ((SVF1(f1,z0).x0)*L2.(x-x0)+(SVF1(f1,z0).x0)*R2.(x-x0))+ (L11.(x-x0)+R11.(x-x0)) .= (L1.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0))*(L2.(x-x0)+R2.(x-x0))+ (L12.(x-x0)+(SVF1(f1,z0).x0)*R2.(x-x0))+(L11.(x-x0)+R11.(x-x0)) by A11,RFUNCT_1:73 .= (L1.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0))*(L2.(x-x0)+R2.(x-x0))+ (L12.(x-x0)+R12.(x-x0))+(L11.(x-x0)+R11.(x-x0)) by A12,RFUNCT_1:73 .= (L1.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0))*(L2.(x-x0)+R2.(x-x0))+ (L12.(x-x0)+(L11.(x-x0)+(R11.(x-x0)+R12.(x-x0)))) .= (L1.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0))*(L2.(x-x0)+R2.(x-x0))+ (L12.(x-x0)+(L11.(x-x0)+R13.(x-x0))) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= (L1.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0))*(L2.(x-x0)+R2.(x-x0))+ (L11.(x-x0)+L12.(x-x0)+R13.(x-x0)) .= (L1.(x-x0)*L2.(x-x0)+L1.(x-x0)*R2.(x-x0))+ R1.(x-x0)*(L2.(x-x0)+R2.(x-x0))+(L.(x-x0)+R13.(x-x0)) by A11,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(x-x0)+R2.(x-x0)*L1.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0)*(L2.(x-x0)+R2.(x-x0))+ (L.(x-x0)+R13.(x-x0)) by A11,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(x-x0)+R18.(x-x0)+(R1.(x-x0)*L2.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0)*R2.(x-x0))+ (L.(x-x0)+R13.(x-x0)) by A11,A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(x-x0)+R18.(x-x0)+(R16.(x-x0)+R1.(x-x0)*R2.(x-x0))+ (L.(x-x0)+R13.(x-x0)) by A11,A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(x-x0)+R18.(x-x0)+(R16.(x-x0)+R17.(x-x0))+(L.(x-x0)+R13.(x-x0)) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(x-x0)+R18.(x-x0)+R19.(x-x0)+(L.(x-x0)+R13.(x-x0)) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(x-x0)+(R19.(x-x0)+R18.(x-x0))+(L.(x-x0)+R13.(x-x0)) .= L.(x-x0)+R13.(x-x0)+(R14.(x-x0)+R20.(x-x0)) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= L.(x-x0)+(R13.(x-x0)+R14.(x-x0)+R20.(x-x0)) .= L.(x-x0)+(R15.(x-x0)+R20.(x-x0)) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= L.(x-x0)+R.(x-x0) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72; end; thus f1(#)f2 is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 by A3,A17,A18,Def10; end; theorem f1 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 & f2 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 implies f1(#)f2 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 proof assume that A1: f1 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 and A2: f2 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A3: z0 = <*x0,y0*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y0 st N c= dom SVF2(f1,z0) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(f1,z0).y - SVF2(f1,z0).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A1,Def11; consider N1 be Neighbourhood of y0 such that A4: N1 c= dom SVF2(f1,z0) & ex L,R st for y st y in N1 holds SVF2(f1,z0).y - SVF2(f1,z0).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A3; consider L1,R1 such that A5: for y st y in N1 holds SVF2(f1,z0).y - SVF2(f1,z0).y0 = L1.(y-y0) + R1.(y-y0) by A4; consider x1,y1 being Real such that A6: z0 = <*x1,y1*> & ex N being Neighbourhood of y1 st N c= dom SVF2(f2,z0) & ex L,R st for y st y in N holds SVF2(f2,z0).y - SVF2(f2,z0).y1 = L.(y-y1) + R.(y-y1) by A2,Def11; A7: x0 = x1 & y0 = y1 by A3,A6,FINSEQ_1:98; consider N2 be Neighbourhood of y0 such that A8: N2 c= dom SVF2(f2,z0) & ex L,R st for y st y in N2 holds SVF2(f2,z0).y - SVF2(f2,z0).y0 = L.(y-y0) + R.(y-y0) by A6,A7; consider L2,R2 such that A9: for y st y in N2 holds SVF2(f2,z0).y - SVF2(f2,z0).y0 = L2.(y-y0) + R2.(y-y0) by A8; consider N be Neighbourhood of y0 such that A10: N c= N1 & N c= N2 by RCOMP_1:38; reconsider L11=(SVF2(f2,z0).y0)(#)L1 as LINEAR by FDIFF_1:7; reconsider L12=(SVF2(f1,z0).y0)(#)L2 as LINEAR by FDIFF_1:7; A11: L11 is total & L12 is total & L1 is total & L2 is total by FDIFF_1:def 4; reconsider L=L11+L12 as LINEAR by FDIFF_1:6; reconsider R11=(SVF2(f2,z0).y0)(#)R1, R12=(SVF2(f1,z0).y0)(#)R2 as REST by FDIFF_1:9; reconsider R13=R11+R12 as REST by FDIFF_1:8; reconsider R14=L1(#)L2 as REST by FDIFF_1:10; reconsider R15=R13+R14, R17=R1(#)R2 as REST by FDIFF_1:8; reconsider R16=R1(#)L2, R18=R2(#)L1 as REST by FDIFF_1:11; reconsider R19=R16+R17 as REST by FDIFF_1:8; reconsider R20=R19+R18 as REST by FDIFF_1:8; reconsider R=R15+R20 as REST by FDIFF_1:8; A12: R1 is total & R2 is total & R11 is total & R12 is total & R13 is total & R14 is total & R15 is total & R16 is total & R17 is total & R18 is total & R19 is total & R20 is total by FDIFF_1:def 3; A13: N c= dom SVF2(f1,z0) by A4,A10,XBOOLE_1:1; A14: N c= dom SVF2(f2,z0) by A8,A10,XBOOLE_1:1; AB: for y being Real st y in N holds y in dom SVF2(f1(#)f2,z0) proof let y; assume A15: y in N; A16: y in dom reproj(2,z0) & reproj(2,z0).y in dom f1 by A13,A15,FUNCT_1:21; y in dom reproj(2,z0) & reproj(2,z0).y in dom f2 by A14,A15,FUNCT_1:21; then y in dom reproj(2,z0) & reproj(2,z0).y in dom f1 /\ dom f2 by A16,XBOOLE_0:def 3;then AA: y in dom reproj(2,z0) & reproj(2,z0).y in dom (f1(#)f2) by VALUED_1:def 4; thus y in dom SVF2(f1(#)f2,z0) by AA,FUNCT_1:21; end; then for y be set st y in N holds y in dom SVF2(f1(#)f2,z0);then A17: N c= dom SVF2(f1(#)f2,z0) by TARSKI:def 3; A18: now let y; assume A19: y in N;then A20: SVF2(f1,z0).y - SVF2(f1,z0).y0 + SVF2(f1,z0).y0 = L1.(y-y0) + R1.(y-y0) + SVF2(f1,z0).y0 by A5,A10; y in dom ((f1(#)f2)*reproj(2,z0)) by AB,A19;then A21: y in dom reproj(2,z0) & reproj(2,z0).y in dom (f1(#)f2) by FUNCT_1:21; then reproj(2,z0).y in dom f1 /\ dom f2 by VALUED_1:def 4; then reproj(2,z0).y in dom f1 & reproj(2,z0).y in dom f2 by XBOOLE_0:def 3;then A22: y in dom (f1*reproj(2,z0)) & y in dom (f2*reproj(2,z0)) by A21,FUNCT_1:21; A23: y0 in N by RCOMP_1:37; y0 in dom ((f1(#)f2)*reproj(2,z0)) by AB,RCOMP_1:37;then A24: y0 in dom reproj(2,z0) & reproj(2,z0).y0 in dom (f1(#)f2) by FUNCT_1:21; then reproj(2,z0).y0 in dom f1 /\ dom f2 by VALUED_1:def 4; then reproj(2,z0).y0 in dom f1 & reproj(2,z0).y0 in dom f2 by XBOOLE_0:def 3;then A25: y0 in dom (f1*reproj(2,z0)) & y0 in dom (f2*reproj(2,z0)) by A24,FUNCT_1:21; thus SVF2(f1(#)f2,z0).y - SVF2(f1(#)f2,z0).y0 = (f1(#)f2).(reproj(2,z0).y) - SVF2(f1(#)f2,z0).y0 by A17,A19,FUNCT_1:22 .= (f1.(reproj(2,z0).y))*(f2.(reproj(2,z0).y)) - SVF2(f1(#)f2,z0).y0 by VALUED_1:5 .= (SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(f2.(reproj(2,z0).y)) - SVF2(f1(#)f2,z0).y0 by A22,FUNCT_1:22 .= (SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y) - ((f1(#)f2)*reproj(2,z0)).y0 by A22,FUNCT_1:22 .= (SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y) - (f1(#)f2).(reproj(2,z0).y0) by A17,A23,FUNCT_1:22 .= (SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y) - (f1.(reproj(2,z0).y0))*(f2.(reproj(2,z0).y0)) by VALUED_1:5 .= (SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y) - (SVF2(f1,z0).y0)*(f2.(reproj(2,z0).y0)) by A25,FUNCT_1:22 .= (SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y)+-(SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y0)+ (SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y0)-(SVF2(f1,z0).y0)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y0) by A25,FUNCT_1:22 .= (SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y-SVF2(f2,z0).y0)+ (SVF2(f1,z0).y-SVF2(f1,z0).y0)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y0) .= (SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y-SVF2(f2,z0).y0)+ (L1.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0))*(SVF2(f2,z0).y0) by A5,A10,A19 .= (SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y-SVF2(f2,z0).y0)+ ((SVF2(f2,z0).y0)*L1.(y-y0)+(SVF2(f2,z0).y0)*R1.(y-y0)) .= (SVF2(f1,z0).y)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y-SVF2(f2,z0).y0)+ (L11.(y-y0)+(SVF2(f2,z0).y0)*R1.(y-y0)) by A11,RFUNCT_1:73 .= (L1.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0)+SVF2(f1,z0).y0)*(SVF2(f2,z0).y-SVF2(f2,z0).y0)+ (L11.(y-y0)+R11.(y-y0)) by A12,A20,RFUNCT_1:73 .= (L1.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0)+SVF2(f1,z0).y0)*(L2.(y-y0)+R2.(y-y0))+ (L11.(y-y0)+R11.(y-y0)) by A9,A10,A19 .= (L1.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0))*(L2.(y-y0)+R2.(y-y0))+ ((SVF2(f1,z0).y0)*L2.(y-y0)+(SVF2(f1,z0).y0)*R2.(y-y0))+ (L11.(y-y0)+R11.(y-y0)) .= (L1.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0))*(L2.(y-y0)+R2.(y-y0))+ (L12.(y-y0)+(SVF2(f1,z0).y0)*R2.(y-y0))+(L11.(y-y0)+R11.(y-y0)) by A11,RFUNCT_1:73 .= (L1.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0))*(L2.(y-y0)+R2.(y-y0))+ (L12.(y-y0)+R12.(y-y0))+(L11.(y-y0)+R11.(y-y0)) by A12,RFUNCT_1:73 .= (L1.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0))*(L2.(y-y0)+R2.(y-y0))+ (L12.(y-y0)+(L11.(y-y0)+(R11.(y-y0)+R12.(y-y0)))) .= (L1.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0))*(L2.(y-y0)+R2.(y-y0))+ (L12.(y-y0)+(L11.(y-y0)+R13.(y-y0))) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= (L1.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0))*(L2.(y-y0)+R2.(y-y0))+ (L11.(y-y0)+L12.(y-y0)+R13.(y-y0)) .= (L1.(y-y0)*L2.(y-y0)+L1.(y-y0)*R2.(y-y0))+ R1.(y-y0)*(L2.(y-y0)+R2.(y-y0))+(L.(y-y0)+R13.(y-y0)) by A11,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(y-y0)+R2.(y-y0)*L1.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0)*(L2.(y-y0)+R2.(y-y0))+ (L.(y-y0)+R13.(y-y0)) by A11,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(y-y0)+R18.(y-y0)+(R1.(y-y0)*L2.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0)*R2.(y-y0))+ (L.(y-y0)+R13.(y-y0)) by A11,A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(y-y0)+R18.(y-y0)+(R16.(y-y0)+R1.(y-y0)*R2.(y-y0))+ (L.(y-y0)+R13.(y-y0)) by A11,A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(y-y0)+R18.(y-y0)+(R16.(y-y0)+R17.(y-y0))+(L.(y-y0)+R13.(y-y0)) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(y-y0)+R18.(y-y0)+R19.(y-y0)+(L.(y-y0)+R13.(y-y0)) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= R14.(y-y0)+(R19.(y-y0)+R18.(y-y0))+(L.(y-y0)+R13.(y-y0)) .= L.(y-y0)+R13.(y-y0)+(R14.(y-y0)+R20.(y-y0)) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= L.(y-y0)+(R13.(y-y0)+R14.(y-y0)+R20.(y-y0)) .= L.(y-y0)+(R15.(y-y0)+R20.(y-y0)) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72 .= L.(y-y0)+R.(y-y0) by A12,RFUNCT_1:72; end; thus f1(#)f2 is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 by A3,A17,A18,Def11; end; theorem for z0 being Element of REAL 2 holds f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 implies SVF1(f,z0) is_continuous_in proj(1,2).z0 proof let z0 be Element of REAL 2; assume A0: f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A1: z0 = <*x0,y0*> & SVF1(f,z0) is_differentiable_in x0 by A0,Def6; SVF1(f,z0) is_continuous_in x0 by A1,FDIFF_1:32; hence SVF1(f,z0) is_continuous_in proj(1,2).z0 by A1,Th1; end; theorem for z0 being Element of REAL 2 holds f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 implies SVF2(f,z0) is_continuous_in proj(2,2).z0 proof let z0 be Element of REAL 2; assume A0: f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A1: z0 = <*x0,y0*> & SVF2(f,z0) is_differentiable_in y0 by A0,Def7; SVF2(f,z0) is_continuous_in y0 by A1,FDIFF_1:32; hence SVF2(f,z0) is_continuous_in proj(2,2).z0 by A1,Th2; end; theorem f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0 implies ex R st R.0 = 0 & R is_continuous_in 0 proof assume A0: f is_partial_differentiable`1_in z0; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A1: z0 = <*x0,y0*> & SVF1(f,z0) is_differentiable_in x0 by A0,Def6; thus ex R st R.0 = 0 & R is_continuous_in 0 by A1,FDIFF_1:35; end; theorem f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0 implies ex R st R.0 = 0 & R is_continuous_in 0 proof assume A0: f is_partial_differentiable`2_in z0; consider x0,y0 being Real such that A1: z0 = <*x0,y0*> & SVF2(f,z0) is_differentiable_in y0 by A0,Def7; thus ex R st R.0 = 0 & R is_continuous_in 0 by A1,FDIFF_1:35; end;